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Cognates
A cognate is a word which
has a similar spelling and
meaning in two languages.
There are four kinds
of cognates:
EXACT
DIRECT
INDIRECT
FALSE
An exact cognate is
spelled exactly
(letter by letter)
the same in two languages.
Exact cognates
examples:
tropical
sociable
cereal
mosquito
radio
A direct cognate is
spelled almost
the same in two languages.
Direct cognates
examples:
delicioso
calendario
familia
foto
computadora
Direct cognates
examples:
delicioso (delicious)
calendario (calendar)
familia (family)
foto (photo)
computadora (computer)
An indirect cognate may
not look similar in spelling,
but one can indirectly
associate the meaning.
Indirect cognates
examples:
cine
libro
médico
mano
árbol
Indirect cognates
examples:
cine (theater)
libro (book)
médico (doctor)
mano (hand)
árbol (tree)
A false cognate misleads. It
looks like something it’s not.
False cognates
examples:
sopa
pie
simpático
ropa
once
False cognates
examples:
sopa (soup)
pie (foot)
simpático (nice)
ropa (clothing)
once (eleven)
SUFFIXES
Español
-ción
-dad
-mente
-oso
English
=
=
=
=
-tion
-ty
-ly
-ous
¿Qué significan?
curioso
perfectamente
electricidad
nación
dirección
posibilidad
numeroso
exactamente