Download Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia Tipología sintáctica

Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia
Licenciatura en lingüística
Tipología sintáctica
Iván Salgado G. – 2016-1
Predicados de Leipzig IX - LIKE
1. AINU
Ohaw eeramasu ya?
ohaw e=eramasu
ya
soup 2SG.A=like Q
‘Do you like soup?’
Sisamutari katkemat eneramasuy1 pe ka okay.
sisam-utar-i
katkemat
en=eramasuy pe ka okay
Japanese-people-POSS married.woman
1SG.O=like NR also exist.PL
‘(Among) the Japanese women, there were those who liked me.’
2. BALINÉS
Anake muani cenik ento nemenin bonekane anyar.
anak=e
muani cenik ento nemenin boneka=ne anyar
person=DEF male small that like
toy=3POSS new
‘The boy liked his new toy.’
3. BEZHTA
Öždil kid yat'ca.
öždi-l
kid
y-at'-ca
boy.OBL-LAT girl(II).ABS II-like-PRS
‘The boy likes the girl.’
4. BORA
Ováhtsa ímillé wájpikye.
ováhtsa ímillé wájpi-kye
boy
like man-ACC
‘The boy liked the man.’
5. ARMENIO ORIENTAL
Maɾdə tʁajin duɾ eɾ galis.
maɾd-ə tʁa-ji-n
duɾ eɾ
galis
man-DEF boy-DAT-DEF PRVB AUX.PST.3SG like.CVB.IPFV
‘The man liked the boy.’
Tʁan havanum eɾ maɾdun.
tʁa-n
havan-um
eɾ
maɾd-u-n
boy-DEF like-CVB.IPFV AUX.PST.3SG man-DAT-DEF
‘The boy liked the man.’
Du siɾel es mekin, na uɾišin.
du
siɾ-el
es
mek-i-n
na
uɾiš-i-n
you.SG.NOM love-CVB.PFV AUX.2SG one-DAT-DEF 3SG.NOM other-DAT-DEF
‘You loved a girl, she loved someone else...’
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La elección entre la forma con –y o sin ella es dialectal.
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Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia
Licenciatura en lingüística
Tipología sintáctica
Iván Salgado G. – 2016-1
6. INGLÉS
John likes Mary
John likes
Mary
John like-3S Mary
7. EVEN
Asatkan hurkem ajavran.
asatkan hurke-m ajav-ra-n
girl
boy-ACC like-AOR-3SG
‘The girl liked/loved the boy.’
8. EVENKI
Bejetken bejeve ajavd’ačan.
bejetken beje-ve
ajav-d’ača-n
boy
man-ACC like-IPFV-3SG
‘The boy liked the man.’
9. ALEMÁN
Ich mag meinen Nachbarn.
ich
mag
mein-en
Nachbar-n
1SG.NOM like.1SG.PRS POSS.1SG-ACC neighbour-PL(ACC)
I like my neighbour.
10. JAPONÉS DE HOKKAIDO
Sono syo:nenwa tonarino onnanokoga sukidatta.
sono syo:nen=wa tonari=no
onnanoko=ga suki=dat-ta
that boy=TOP neighbor=GEN girl=NOM
like=COPULA-PST
‘That boy likes the girl next door.’
Kodomoga sono omotyao kini itte iru.
kodomo=ga sono omotya=o ki=ni it-te i-ru
child=NOM that toy=ACC mind=DAT enter-GER be-NPST
The child likes that toy.
11. HOOCAK
Šųųknąąkre waipį.
šųųk=ąąkre wa-ha-gipį
dog=POS.HOR:PROX OBJ.3PL-1E.A-like
I like these dogs.
12. ISLANDÉS
Stráknum líkaði nýja leikfangið sitt.
strák-num
líkaði
nýja
leikfang-ið
sitt
boy-THE.DAT liked.3SG new.NOM toy-THE.NOM his.NOM
‘The boy liked his new toy.’
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Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia
Licenciatura en lingüística
Tipología sintáctica
Iván Salgado G. – 2016-1
13. INDONESIO DE YAKARTA
Erni suka coklat.
Erni suka coklat
Erni like chocolate
‘Erni likes chocolate.’
14. JAMINJUNG
15. JAPONÉS ESTÁNDAR
Kodomo-ga omotya-o ki-ni-it-ta.
kodomo-ga omotya-o ki-ni-it-ta
child-NOM toy-ACC mind-LOC-enter-PAST
‘The child liked the toy.’
Kodomo-ni omotya-ga ki-ni-it-ta.
kodomo-ni omotya-ga ki-ni-it-ta
child-DAT toy-NOM mind-LOC-enter-PAST
‘The child liked the toy.’
Kodomo-ga omotya-ga ki-ni-it-ta.
kodomo-ga omotya-ga ki-ni-it-ta
child-NOM toy-NOM mind-LOC-enter-PAST
‘The child liked the toy.’
16. KET
Hiɣdɯlʲdaŋa hīɣ daqtoɣon.
hiɣ-dɯlʲ-daŋa
hīɣ d-aqt-o-ʁon
man-child-M.DAT man 3SG.M.SBJ-good-PST-be.INCEPT
‘The boy liked the man.’
17. COREANO
18. CHINO MANDARÍN
Wǒ xǐhuān Shànghǎi.
wo
xihuan Shanghai
1SG like Shanghai
‘I like Shanghai.’
19. MANDINKA
Súŋkútoo yé ñiŋ báyoo kanu.
súŋkút-oo yé
ñiŋ
báy-oo kanu
girl-DEF PF.POS
DEM cloth-DEF like
‘The girl likes this cloth.’
Kambaanóo ye súŋkútoo kanu.
kambaan-óo ye
súŋkút-oo kanu
boy-DEF
PF.POS girl-DEF love
‘The boy loves the girl.’
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Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia
Licenciatura en lingüística
20. MAPUNDUNGUN
21. JAPONÉS DE MITSUKAIDO
22. ÁRABE MODERNO ESTÁNDAR
Yuḥibbu lwaladu luʿbatahu lǧadīdata.
yuḥibbu
l-walad-u
like.IV.PRF.3SG.M ART-boy.M-NOM
‘The boy likes his new toy.’
Tipología sintáctica
Iván Salgado G. – 2016-1
luʿbat-a-hu
l-ǧadīd-at-a
play.F-ACC-3SG.M ART-new-F-ACC
Taḥabbaba rraʾīsu
taḥabbaba
r-raʾīs-u
make.like.V.REFL.PRF.3SG.M
ART-president.M-NOM
‘The president made himself popular’
23. NEN
24. OJIBWA
Gwiiwzens wgii-mdaagwendaan da-shki-damnowin.
gwiiwizens o-gii-mandaagwend-am-n
o-oshki-odaminowin
boy.AN
3ERG-PAST-like.IN-IN.OBJ-N
3POSS-new-toy.IN
The boy liked his new toy.
25. RUSO
26. SLIAMMON
27. MALAYO DE CEYLÁN
28. XÂRÂCÙÙ
29. YAQUI
Inepo juka kari bwe'uta tu'ure.
inepo
ju-ka kari bwe'u-ta tu'ure
1sg.SUBJ DET-ACC house big-ACC like
‘I like the big house.’
Maria jamutta ko'arim tu'uliria.
Maria jamut-ta
ko'ari-m tu'uli-ria
Maria woman-ACC skirt-PL like-APPL
‘Maria likes the woman's skirt.’
30. YORÙBÁ
31. MAYA YUCATECO
Le xibpalo' uts tu yich u tumben baaxal.
le
xibpal-o' uts t-u
y-ich u
tumben baaxal
DEM boy-D2 good LOC-POSS.3 0-eye POSS.3 new
toy
The boy likes his new toy.
32. CHATINO DE ZENZONTEPEC
Yatutīʔ jnū ntzeę tunu.
y-a-toǫ-tīʔ
jiʔį̄ nu
ntzeę tunu
CPL-go.NBASE-be.standing-living.core(.3) RN NOM citrus great
‘She liked the oranges.’
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