Download ESTILO DIRECTO E INDIRECTO

ESTILO DIRECTO E INDIRECTO.
El Estilo indirecto o Reported speech es una estructura que se emplea cuando
queremos decir o hacer mención sobre algo que alguien ha dicho previamente.
Para hacer mención sobre lo que alguien ha dicho usamos verbos como explain,
promise, say, tell, suggest... Aunque los más utilizados son say y tell.
No es necesario cambiar el tiempo del verbo si el verbo de la oración principal
está
en
presente..
Para introducir lo que ha dicho, usamos that aunque muchas veces se puede
omitir
esta
palabra.
Al convertir una oración de "Direct Speech" a "Reported Speech" tenemos en
cuenta
que
el
verbo
principal
retrocede
un
tiempo
Tabla de cambios que sufre el verbo:
Direct speech
Reported speech
present simple
past simple
I am happy
He said he was happy
I sleep
He said he slept
present continuos
I am feeling happy
I am sleeping
past simple
I was happy
I slept
present perfect
I have been happy
I have slept
past continuos
He said he was feeling
happy
He said he was sleeping
past perfect
He said he had been
happy
He said he had slept
past perfect
He said he had been
happy
He said he had slept
present perfect continuos
past perfect continuos
I have been feeling happy
He said he had been
I have been sleeping
feeling happy
verbal.
He said he had been
sleeping
simple conditional
future
I will be happy
I will sleep
He said he would be
happy
He said he would sleep
simple conditional
future perfect
I will have been happy
I will have sleep
perfect
He said he would have
been happy
He said he would have
slept
Verbos modales
Direct speech
Reported speech
CAN
COULD
I can sleep
He said he could sleep
MAY
MIGHT
I may sleep
He said he might sleep
WILL
WOULD
I will sleep
He said he would sleep
MUST
I must sleep
HAD TO
He said he had to sleep
Cambios que pueden sufrir algunas partículas de lugar y tiempo:
now
at that moment, then
tonight
that night
today
that day
last night
the night before
this morning
that morning
this week
that week
next week
the following week
next year
the year after
here
there
VOZ PASIVA / ACTIVA
Como en español, la voz pasiva se forma con el verbo 'to be' (ser) y el participio pasado.
They made this car in 1963. (active)
This car was made in 1963. (passive)
El sujeto de un verbo en pasiva corresponde al objeto de un verbo en activa.
Estudia la siguiente lista de las formas del verbo en pasiva.
(pp = participio pasado)
Verb Tense
Structure
am/are/is + pp
PRESENT CONTINUOUS am/are/is being + pp
FUTURE (WILL)
will be + pp
FUTURE (GOING TO)
am/are/is going to be + pp
PAST SIMPLE
was/were + pp
PAST CONTINUOUS
was/were being + pp
PRESENT PERFECT
have/has been + pp
PAST PERFECT
had been + pp
FUTURE PERFECT
will have been + pp
PRESENT SIMPLE
En las formas del ‘future progressive’ (will be being + pp) y ‘perfect progressive’ (has
been being + pp) no es muy común su uso.
Para decir quién hacía la acción o qué la causaba, usa 'by'.
La voz pasiva se suele utilizar cuando se desconoce o no interesa mencionar quién o
qué hace la acción.