Download VERB + Infinitive with TO

VERB + Infinitive with TO
1. Como complemento de otro verbo: “I
want to go”
2. Detrás de algunos verbos modales
NEED /DARE
“You needn’t say anything” but “You
don’t need to say anything”
3. Como complemento de adjetivos /
adverbios
“It’s too big to go through the door”
“The book is easy to read”
“It is stupid of him smoke so much”
4. En oraciones adverbiales finales
“I should go to the library to get some
information about Shakespeare”
“I come to school to study”
5. Detrás de How, When, Where, What.
“I found out where to get some
information”
“I showed her what to do with this
information”
6. En construcciones de acusativo +
infinitivo con verbos de voluntad
“ I’d like you to write to me soon”
7. En combinaciones de: for + noun/
pronoun + infinitivo
“I arranged for Tom to meet them”
VERB + Infinitive without
TO
1. Detrás de la mayoría de los
verbos modales: will, shall,
can, must, may… (need/dare
cuando son modales)
“ I can speak English fluently”
2. Detrás de las partículas
auxiliaries do/does/ did
“Does she smoke very much?”
3. Detrás de las formas had
better, would rather/sooner,
rather/ sooner than:
“I’d rather wait till tomorrow”
“Rather/ Sooner than risk a
bad crossing, he postponed his
journey”
“You’d better start at once”
4. Detrás de: LET, MAKE,
NOTICE, OBSERVE, SEE,
HEAR, cuando van en una
construcción de acusativo +
infinitivo.
“ I heard him lock the door”
“I saw him drive off”
“Don’t let the children play
with the matches”
(Cuando no van en esa
construcción sólo LET
mantiene detrás infinitivo sin
TO: “He made me type it again
but I was made to type it
again”)
5. Cuando es el segundo de dos
infinitivos que van coordinados
por medio de and:
“I intend to sit in the garden
and write letters”
VERB + Gerund
1. Detrás de: AVOID,
CONSIDER, DELAY, DENY,
DETEST, ENJOY, FINISH,
MISS, MIND, POSTPONE,
RISK, SUGGEST.
“He suggested going to the
cinema”
2. Detrás de preposición y
adverbio
“He insisted on seeing her”
“He is good at telling lies”
3. Detrás de like (adv.) worth
(adj.) y la oración it’s no use…
“It’s no use crying over spilt
milk”
“Do you feel like going for a
swim?
4. Detrás de las construcciones:
can’t help
can’t stand
“I can’t stand people shouting”
“I can’t help shouting at
pupils”
5. Detrás de go y come con
verbos que denoten actividad
física
“I usually go playing paddle on
Saturday morning”
6. Detrás de las estructuras:
to be used to…
to get used to…
“I am used to studying at
night”
Look forward to…
“I’m looking forward to
meeting to again. See you
soon”
VERB + Inf. / ger. without
changing their meaning
VERB + inf. /ger. changing
their meaning
1. LIKE, HATE, DISLIKE,
LOVE, PREFER. Infinitivo
para ocasiones concretas y
gerundio con idea general. En
formas condicionales, siempre
infinitivo.
“I hate going shopping”
“I hate to go shopping”
but Like can also mean “think
wise or right”
“I like to go to the dentist twice
a year” ( I think that wise)
“I like going to the dentist” (= I
enjoy my visits)
1. TRY + gerund:
experimentar
TRY + infinitivo: intentar,
hacer un esfuerzo
2. PERMIT,ALLOW,
ADVISE,RECOMMEND
“They don’t allow parking
here”
(Si van con la construcción
acustivo+infinitive, no usa el
gerundio detrás)
“They don’t allow us to park
here”
3. BEGIN, START,
CONTINUE, CEASE, van
seguidos indistintamentede
infinitivo o gerundio excepto si
el verbo es de conocimiento o
entendimiento.
“I began working” or “I began
to work”
“I am beginning to
understand/realize/see/ why he
acted as he did”
6. REGRET, FORGET
REMEMBER.
Gerundio: tiempo pasado
Infinitivo: tiempo futuro
“I regret spending so much
money”
“I regret to say that you have
failed your exam”
“I tried to understand it”
“I tried smoking a cigarette
for the first time”
2. STOP+ infinitive: parar
para…
“I stopped to look at the
window shop”
STOP+gerund: dejar de…
“Istopped looking at the
window shop”
NOMINAL FORMS
SUJETO DE UNA
ORACIÓN.
Un infinitive puede ser el sujeto
de los verbos BE, SEEM,
APPEAR
“To obey the laws is everyone’s
duty”
El infinitivo se usa
principalmente cuando
hablamos de hechos
particulares, mientras que el
gerundio se usa cuando la
acción se considera general.
“He said: “Do come with me”
It was impossible to
refuse”(particular action)
“Refusing invitations is not
always easy” (general action)
A pesar de lo dicho, el
infinitivo se usa en inglés para
máximas y refranes, en lugar de
usar el gerundio:
“To err is human, to forgive
divine”