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Zika in Texas
How to Prevent the
Spread of the Zika Virus
8/31/2016
1
Introduction
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2
Zika in Texas
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3
Overview of Zika
• Zika spreads primarily through the
bite of an infected Aedes species
mosquito.
• Can be spread through sexual
contact and blood transfusion.
• There are no confirmed cases of
blood transfusion in the United
States. (As of 8/25/2016)
• There are no reports of pets or
other kinds of animals spreading or
contracting Zika. (As of 8/25/2016)
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Overview of Potential
Health Risks
• While many with Zika do not become ill or have
no symptoms, the virus can cause:
• Fever
• Rash
• Joint Pain
• Conjunctivitis (Red or Pink Eyes)
• It can be spread from mother to child and has
been linked to birth defects such as
microcephaly.
• It may also be among the causes of GuillainBarré syndrome.
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Overview of Zika
in Texas
130
Texas has had
reported cases
of Zika virus disease to date.
This count includes:
3
pregnant
women
2
infants infected
before birth
1
person who had
sexual contact
with a traveler
(As of 8/25/2016)
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Risks
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What is Driving the Risk
for Zika in Texas?
• Primarily spread through a type of
mosquito commonly found in South
Texas and the coast of Texas.
• Frequently found in urban
environments.
• Texas has a long mosquito season and
many people travel to places where
Zika is active during this time.
• This species of mosquito can breed in
as little as a tablespoon of water.
• It commonly breeds in standing water
in and around homes and buildings.
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What are the Main
Health Risks?
Zika can be spread from mother to child if the
mother is infected with the Zika virus during
pregnancy.
It may also be among the causes of Guillain-Barré
syndrome, a condition in which your immune
system attacks part of your nervous system.
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Detailing the Risks for
Pregnant Women
The Zika virus has been
linked to birth defects such
as microcephaly, a condition
where a baby’s head is much
smaller than expected and
that can cause
developmental delays.
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Protecting Yourself
from Zika
At this time, there is no vaccine
available for the Zika virus.
Your best protection to avoid
infection is to eliminate mosquito
breeding grounds and to protect
yourself from mosquito bites.
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Tips for
Prevention
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12
When You’re Outside
• Use EPA-approved insect
repellent.
• Wear pants and long-sleeve shirts
that cover exposed skin.
• In warmer weather, wear
lightweight, loose-fitting clothing
to cover exposed skin.
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13
When You’re at Home
• Use screens or close windows and doors
to keep mosquitoes out of your home.
• Remove standing water in and around
your home. This includes water in cans,
toys, tires, plant saucers and any other
containers that can hold water.
• Cover trash cans or containers where
water can collect.
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Pregnant or
Trying to Get Pregnant?
• Use EPA-approved insect
repellent.
• Discuss your partner's potential
exposures and history of Zika-like
illness with your health care
provider.
• Call your doctor if you have any
concerns.
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Pregnant or
Trying to Get Pregnant?
• Talk to your doctor or a healthcare
provider about your travel plans.
• Avoid travel to regions where the Zika
virus is active.
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When You’re Traveling
Before Your Trip
• Check travel notices
and avoid Zika
affected areas, if
possible.
During Your Trip
• Use EPA-approved
insect repellent during
your entire trip.
• Wear pants and longsleeve shirts.
• Use screens or close
windows and doors at
the places you’re
staying.
• Take precautions
against sexual
transmission.
Consider abstaining
from sex or use
condoms correctly.
After Your Trip
• Use EPA-approved
insect repellent for 21
days after you return
to the United States.
• Take precautions
against sexual
transmission for at
least eight weeks.
Consider abstaining
from sex or use
condoms correctly.
• Call your doctor if you
have concerns.
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If You Work Outside
• Apply EPA-approved insect
repellent.
• Wear pants and long-sleeve shirts
that cover exposed skin.
• In warmer weather, wear
lightweight, loose-fitting clothing
that covers exposed skin.
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How to
Recognize Zika
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“
80 percent of people with
Zika do not become ill or
have symptoms.
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”
20
Symptoms
If you do show symptoms,
Other symptoms include:
the most common are:
• Muscle pain
• Fever
• Headache
• Rash
• Joint Pain
• Conjunctivitis (Red or Pink
eyes)
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21
Helping Your Community
Recognize the Symptoms
1
2
3
Know how
to recognize
symptoms.
Strongly
recommend they
see a healthcare
professional.
Provide materials
on how to prevent
spreading Zika.
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Flu vs. Zika
Flu
Zika
Symptoms
Fever or feeling feverish/chills, cough,
sore throat, runny or stuffy nose,
muscle or body aches, headaches,
fatigue and some people experience
vomiting/diarrhea.
Transmission
Person to person.
Mosquito bites, mother to child, through
infected blood or sexual contact.
Vaccine
A Flu vaccine is created each year to
assist with prevention.
There is currently no vaccine available for Zika
virus.
A small proportion of those who
contract the flu die.
Researchers are currently investigating if there
is a link between Zika and death. It is currently
associated with Guillain-Barre and poor
pregnancy outcomes.
Mortality or
other effects
One in five people experience mild cases of
fever, rash, joint pain, muscle pain, headache
or conjunctivitis (red eyes).
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Treatment and
Testing
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Testing for Zika
• It’s important that you talk to your doctor if you
have concerns or think you might have been
exposed to the virus.
• A diagnosis is based on:
• A person’s recent travel history
• Symptoms
• Test results
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25
How Do We
Test for Zika?
• A blood or urine test can
confirm a Zika infection.
• Your doctor may order
blood tests to look for
Zika or other mosquitoborne diseases like
dengue or chikungunya.
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Guidance for
Pregnant Women
1 Begin prenatal care as soon as you know
you are pregnant. Pregnant women should
continue to receive routine prenatal care.
2 If you have any concerns or are
experiencing symptoms, talk to your
doctor or nurse.
3 Protect yourself from sexual transmission
and consider abstaining from sex or using
condoms.
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Guidance for
Pregnant Women
Review the risks for potential Zika
exposure, including:
• Travel to at-risk areas.
• Partner’s travel to at-risk areas.
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28
What to Do if
You Have Zika
Talk to your doctor.
Get plenty of rest.
Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.
Take medicine, such as acetaminophen to
reduce fever and pain.
• Do not take aspirin or other non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
• Talk to your doctor or healthcare provider
before taking additional medication.
•
•
•
•
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What to Do if
You Have Zika
During the first week of infection, the Zika virus
can be found in the blood and passed from an
infected person to another mosquito through
mosquito bites.
• Use EPA-approved insect repellent to avoid
bites.
• Take precautions against sexual transmission for
at least eight weeks.
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30
Protecting Your
Community
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Awareness is Key
• DSHS provides free informational
materials at TexasZika.org.
• Share information far and wide
with your employees, volunteers,
neighbors and community
stakeholders using the
Communications Toolkit available
for your use.
• Materials are available for
download or order at
TexasZika.org.
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Simple Steps to Help Protect
Employees, Volunteers and
Stakeholders
• Recommend clothing that covers exposed areas.
• Ask employees or volunteers to notify you of
any areas that have a large population of
mosquitoes or standing water.
• Use free materials available at TexasZika.org to
share information about how to protect again
mosquito bites.
• Conduct routine mosquito control in areas you
might have outdoor activity.
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33
Support a
Zika Task Force
• Volunteer Clean-Up: Create groups
responsible for monitoring areas known for
standing water or mosquitoes and coordinate
community clean-ups.
• Host Zika Action Days: Work with DSHS or
local public health officials to host a
community event for your stakeholders to
answer Zika questions, conduct clean-up
demonstrations and provide materials to
protect against Zika.
• Community Outreach: Conduct
neighborhood outreach about precautions
people can take to protect themselves and
their families from mosquito bites.
• Consider creating a Zika Prevention Kits.
(CDC website)
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Resources
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35
Resources to
Remember
• TexasZika.org
• CDC.gov/Zika
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36
Thank you.
Email DSHS for More Information
[email protected]
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