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INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TECNOLÓGICO
NORBERT WIENER
Manual del Alumno
ASIGNATURA: Ingles para Informatica II
PROGRAMA: S3C
LIMA-PERU
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Manual del Alumno
TIEMPO PRESENTE : VERBO TO BE
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I
am (soy, estoy)
(yo)
She
He
It
(ella)
(él)
(esto)
England
from
is
(de)
Spain
(es, está)
Japan
Brazil
We (nosotr.)
You (tú, Uds)
They (ellos)
in
(en)
Argentina
are (son, están)
Turkey
Russia
NOTA :
- Para formar una oración se requiere del sujeto, verbo y complemento.
NEGATIVE FORM
I
'm not (no soy o estoy)
Spanish
She
He
isn't (no es o no está)
English
from Paris
We
aren't (no somos,
no estamos)
Hungry
Tired
NOTA :
- Para formar la negación con el verbo “to be” se coloca la partícula negativa “not” detrás del
verbo.
- La abreviación del verbo “to be” en su forma negativa consiste en unir el verbo “is” o “are”
a la negaciión “not” y sustituir la “o” de “not” por un apóstrofe.
YES / NO QUESTIONS :
Questions
Am
I
Positive Answer
Negative Answer
English ?
Yes,
you
are.
No,
I
am.
we are.
They
No,
Are
you
we
they
... ?
Yes,
Is
he
she
It
... ?
Yes,
he
she
It
is.
No,
you
aren´t.
I ´m not.
we
aren´t.
they
he
she
It
isn’t.
NOTA :
-
La interrogación se forma colocando el verbo “to be” (am, is, are) delante del sujeto.
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-
En inglés es muy frecuente el empleo de respuestas breves. Si la respuesta es afirmativa
se emplea el sujeto y el verbo precedidos de Yes
Ejemplo : Is he a doctor?
Are they students?
Yes, he is.
Yes, they are.
-
Si la respuesta es negativa, se emplea el sujeto y el verbo en su forma abreviada,
precedidos de No
Ejemplo : Is Sally a secretary?
Are Henry and Bill engineers?
No, she isn’t.
No, they aren’t.
INFORMATION QUESTIONS :
Where
(dónde)
When
(cuándo)
What nationality (qué nacional)
Who
(quién)
Is
Are
are
am
laboratory B?
your parents' birthdays?
you?
I?
NOTA :
- Para realizar una pregunta de información se coloca la pregunta de información (Wh...),
el verbo “to be” y el complemento.
TIEMPO PRESENTE - OTROS VERBOS
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POSITIVE
I
You
We
They
__________
He
She
It
Live
in
London
____________
lives
NOTA :
-
El verbo empleado en la tercera persona del singular del presente habitual toma siempre
una “s”
Ejemplo : He writes
It works
-
Si el verbo termina en “o”, “ch”, “sh” se agrega “es”
Ejemplo : She washes the clothes
Peter goes to the library.
Mrs. Cooper watches tv. In the evening.
-
Si el verbo termina en “y”, dicha “y” cambia a “i” y se añade “es”
Ejemplo : Mr. Cooper studies computer science.
NEGATIVE
I
You
We
They
___________
She
He
It
don't
live in Oxford.
________________
doesn’t
NOTA :
-
Para formar una oración negativa se emplea el sujeto, el auxiliar “don’t” o “doesn’t”, el
verbo en su forma original (sin “s” en la tercera persona) y el complemento.
QUESTION
Do
_________
Does
NOTA :
You
They
________
she
he
it
live in south London?
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Manual del Alumno
-
Para formular una oración interrogativa, se anteponen al sujeto los auxiliares “do” o “does”
y se omite la “s” del verbo de la tercera persona.
El auxiliar “does” se emplea sólo para la tercera persona en singular.
SHORT ANSWERS
I
We
They
_____________
she
he
it
Yes,
do.
_________
does.
I
We
They
____________
she
he
it
No,
don't
_________
doesn't.
NOTA :
-
En inglés es muy frecuente el empleo de una respuesta breve. Si la respuesta es
afirmativa, se emplea el sujeto y el auxiliar precedidos de “yes” . Si la respuesta es
negativa, se emplea el sujeto y el auxiliar precedidos de “no” .
INFORMATION QUESTIONS
Where
Do
___________
does
you
they
__________
live?
she
he
NOTA :
-
Para formular preguntas de información se emplea la pregunta (Wh...), el auxiliar (“do” o
“does”), el sujeto y el complemento.
DESCRIPCIONES
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Manual del Alumno
THERE IS... / THERE ARE ...
( Hay ... )
SENTENCES
Positive
Negative
There is a computer.
(Hay una computadora)
There isn't a computer.
(No hay una computadora)
There are two printers.
(Hay dos impresoras)
There aren’t two printers.
(No hay dos impresoras)
NOTA :
-
La forma “hay” del verbo “haber” se traduce al inglés por “ there is ” cuando le sigue un
complemento en singular y por “ there are ” cuando le sigue un complemento en plural.
Para formar una oración negativa, se agrega la negación “not” ya sea en forma completa o
abreviada “n’t”
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS :
Question
Positive Short Answer
Negative Short Answer
Is there an error message?
Yes, there is.
No, there isn't.
Is there a t.v. in the office?
Yes, there is.
No, there isn't.
Are there any disks?
Yes, there are.
No, there aren't.
Are there any students?
Yes, there are.
No, there aren't.
NOTA :
-
La interrogación del verbo “haber” ( ¿hay? ) se forma colocando “is” o “are” delante de
“there”
Ejemplo : There is a computer in the office (Hay una computadora en la oficina)
Is there a computer in the office? (¿Hay una computadora en la oficina?)
-
En la interrogación se emplea “any” como plural del artículo “a” o “an”. “Any” no suele
traducirse al español.
Ejemplo : Are there any books about computers? (¿Hay libros sobre computadoras?)
-
En las respuestas breves afirmativas se antepone “yes” a “ there is” o “ there are “.
Ejemplo : Is there a printer in this room?
Are there any computers?
Yes, there is.
Yes, there are.
-
En las respuestas breves negativas se antepone “no” a “there isn’t “ o “there aren’t”
Ejemplo : Is there a printer?
Are there any scanners?
No, there isn’t
No, there aren’t.
HOW MANY ...?
(¿Cuántos?)
Ejemplo :
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How many windows are there in your classroom?
(¿Cuántas ventanas hay en tu salón?)
How many computers are there in the laboratory?
(¿Cuántas computadoras hay en el laboratorio?)
EXERCISES
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Describe your classroom:
How many students are there in your classroom?
How many desks are there in your classroom?
How many boards are there?
How many fans are there?
How many teachers are there?
How many computers are there in your classroom?
How many windows are there?
How many doors are there?
How many male students are there in your class?
How many female students are there?
Complete the sentences with the correct form of “ there is / are”.
II.
1.
2.
3
4
5
6
7
III.
There is
a beautiful park near our house.
............... .... three people from Kuwait in our class.
.................... any good restaurants in this town?
.................... a coffee machine in this building?
No, ...............
.................... some more chairs in the classroom?
.................... a telephone in front of the hall.
.................... any interesting people in your class?
Look at the information in the box and write sentences with There is/ There are.
Golf course
Swimming pool
Hospital
Movie theaters
University
Big hotels
Park
Springfield is a small town:
IV.
Yes
No
Yes
Yes (two)
No
No
Yes
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
There is a golf course in Springfield.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Look at the picture and write sentences. Use “There is .../ There are ...
1. There is a woman in the bedroom.
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Manual del Alumno
2. _____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
4. _____________________________________
5. _____________________________________
V.
Write “ there is / there are “ in the blanks
1. ..................................
2. ..................................
3. ..................................
4. .................................
5...................................
6...................................
7..................................
VI.
Write sentences with “ there are ...” . Choose the right number
7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a lot of interesting programs for this computer.
very little RAM memory free after you load the program.
many reasons for using a word processor.
a special offer for that model this month.
10 special function keys on this keyboard.
1,000 bytes in a kilobyte.
some free space on this disk.
9
26
30
50
60
(days / a week). There are seven days in a week.
(states / the USA) ..........................................................................................................
(minutes / hour) .............................................................................................................
(planets / the solar system) ............................................................................................
(letters / the English alphabet) .......................................................................................
(days /September) ........................................................................................................
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
(Presente Progresivo)
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Present Continuous
Full Form
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
Abrev. Form
I' m
You ' re
He ' s
She's
working
It's
We ' re
You ' re
They ' re
working
Yo estoy ...
Tú estás ...
El está ...
Ella está ...
trabajando
Esto está ...
Nosotros estamos ...
Uds. están ...
Ellos están ...
NOTA :
El presente continuo se emplea para indicar una acción que se realiza en el momento de
hablar. Se forma mediante el verbo “to be” seguido del verbo que se desea conjugar terminado
en “ing”.
Ejemplo : I’m writing a report.
( Yo estoy escribiendo un reporte)
He is reading a book. ( El está leyendo un libro)
The present continuous is used to express :
(El presente continuo es usado para expresar : )
-
Present activities
(Actividades actuales)
: They are watching T.V.
Ellos están viendo televisión
-
Temporary activities
(Actividades temporales)
: I 'm learning to drive a car.
: Estoy aprendiendo a manejar un carro.
-
Future arrangements
(planes futuros)
: What are you doing next weekend?
¿Qué harás la próxima semana?
NEGATIVE STATEMENTS
I'm
He
She
You
We
They
Not
Isn ' t
aren ' t
NOTA ;
Para negar se coloca “not” después del verbo “to be”.
QUESTION :
Am
I
You
writing.
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Are
Is
We
They
He
She
It
Writing?
NOTA :
Cuando el verbo se halla en presente continuo, se antepone el verbo “to be” delante del sujeto
para interrogar.
SHORT ANSWERS :
Positive
Yes,
Negative
You
are .
You
I
We
They
He
She
It
am.
I
' m not .
We
They
aren’t
He
She
isn’t
It
are.
No,
is.
aren ‘t .
NOTA :
El Presente progresivo se forma colocando el verbo “to be” y añadiendo la terminación “ing” al
verbo que desea conjugar.
- Los verbos cuyo infinitivo terminan en “e” pierden esta vocal cuando se les añade la
terminación “ing”.
Ejemplo : come
coming
Smoke
smoking
Write
writing
-
Los verbos monosílabos terminados en consonante sencilla precedida de una sola vocal,
doblan dicha consonante cuando se les añade la terminación “ing”
Ejemplo : run
running
Sit
sitting
Swim
swimming
-
Los verbos monosílabos terminados en vocal “e” transforman dicha vocal a “y” para añadir
la terminación “ing”
Ejemplo : Lie
liying
Die
diying
EXERCISES
I.
Write the “ –ing” form of the verbs in the correct columns
(Escribe la forma “–ing” de los verbos in la columna correcta)
Drive
Cycle
End
Watch
Open
Make
Get
+ ing
use
close
finish
learn
go
read
run
walk
start
leave
clean
do
write
swim
- e + ing
play
stop
arrive
put
have
listen
ski
Double consonant + ing
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Manual del Alumno
Opening
Getting
Write true sentences.. What’s happening right now?
II.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Making
( I / wash / my hair)
I ' m not washing my hair.
( it / snow) __________________________________________________________
( I / sit / on a chair) ___________________________________________________
( I / eat) ____________________________________________________________
( it / rain ) ___________________________________________________________
( I / do / this exercise) _________________________________________________
( I / listen / to the radio) ________________________________________________
( the sun / shine) _____________________________________________________
( I / wear / shoes) _____________________________________________________
( I / read / a newspaper ) _______________________________________________
Use a verb and an object to write sentences using “he” or “she” in the present
continuous tense.
(Usar un verbo y un objeto para escribir oraciones usando “he” o “she” en el tiempo
presente continuo)
III.
VERBS
: write
OBJECTS : the radio
Lunch
-
read
-
listen to
- a letter - a book
- the windows
-
clean
-
-
the news
have
-
-
go
to bed
Example:
She ' s writing a letter.
1.................................................................................................................
2.................................................................................................................
3................................................................................................................
4................................................................................................................
5...............................................................................................................
6...............................................................................................................
7................................................................................................................
IV.
Translate these paragraphs into Spanish :
1.
This means that when you are working on the design of a form, you can select any control
and drag it to another location on the form.
2.
The company accountant is checking a monthly phone bill and needs to know who has
extension 352.
3.
When you move a control or change its color, you ' re setting and changing properties of
the control.
4.
If you are using this type of printer, you can take full advantage of this feature and
increase printing speed dramatically.
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Manual del Alumno
WHAT IS ... / ARE DOING?
(¿Qué está haciendo?)
Example :
What is Mr. Cooper doing?
He is sending a fax.
What are the secretaries doing?
They are typing letters
What are you doing?
I’m reading a book
I.
Look at the pictures. Then ask and answer.
(Mira las fotos. Luego pregunta y responde):
1. What are they doing?
They are dancing.
2. What is she ...?
She is ...
3. What is ...?
...
4. What ...?
...
READING COMPREHENSION
What are they doing?
Two detectives are talking.
Jack
Shirley
Jack
Shirley
:
:
:
:
What are you doing now, Shirley?
I’m watching Larry and Diana. I can see them but they can’t see me.
Where are they?
They’re in a restaurant. They’re sitting very near the window.
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Jack
Shirley
Jack
Shirley
:
:
:
:
Jack
Shirley
Jack
Shirley
Jack
Shirley
:
:
:
:
:
:
What are they doing?
He’s talking. She’s listening and she’s looking at something in his hand.
Something? What?
I think it’s a photograph. Yes, it is. I’m not sure, but I think it’s a
photograph of a person.
Is it a man or a woman?
I don’t know. I can’t see. I’m going now.
Wait! Where are you going?
Into the restaurant.
But why?
I want to look at that photograph. That’s why!
Exercises
I.
Answer these questions :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
II.
What is Shirley doing?
Where is she?
Where are Larry and Diana?
What are they doing?
Where is Shirley going?
What does she want to do?
What about you?
1. Where are you now?
2. Are you sitting or standing?
3. Look at someone near you. What is he or she doing?
4. What do you want to do after the lesson?
5. Do you smoke?
6. Do you drink coffee?
7. Do you watch television?
8. Are you watching television now?
9. Do you read English?
10. Do you speak English?
11. Are you reading now?
12. What are you doing now?
OCCUPATIONS AND ACTIVITIES
READING COMPREHENSION
FOUR PEOPLE
Bernard Winter lives and works in Oxford. He works in a museum there. He buys pictures.
Bernard is an art expert. He is very interested in modern art.
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Manual del Alumno
Susan Farr lives in New York. She works there, too. She is a journalist. She writes articles
for a magazine. She works in a small office. A lot of other people work there, too but she
likes her job very much.
Larry Jasper lives in London. He buys and sells cars. Some are old and some are new. He’s
very interested in money, too. He thinks about money all the time.
Diana Brentano is a make up artist. She works in television.
Exercises
I.
Answer the questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
II.
Where does Bernard live?
Where does he work?
What is Larry interested in?
Where does Susan live?
Where does she work?
Does she like her job?
What about you?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Do you work in an office?
Do you work in a museum?
Do you sell things?
Do you buy things?
Are you interested in money?
Are you interested in art, too?
What is one other thing you are interested in?
READING COMPREHENSION
“Computers”
A. Translate the following sentences :
1. Microsoft access provides a variety of tools that help you align controls.
2. The server on which the printer resides does not have a suitable driver installed.
3. The Visual Basic development environment provides objects that you can use to
build your own add-ins with Visual Basic.
4. A builder helps you perform a task for the selected item.
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Manual del Alumno
5. The table Wizard asks a series of questions that guide you through the table
creation process.
6. Cabling systems are particularly important on physical networks that use Privatelyinstalled cabling, such as a typical local area network.
7. The Office Binder is a special Microsoft Office tool that you can use to assemble
and publish different file types together as a single file.
8. A variety of chart types and formats are available to help present your information
effectively.
9. The term TCP/ IP refers to a set of protocols or a protocol suite.
10. The new Add-In Manager dialog box enables you to load extensions to the Visual
Basic programming system.
B. Translate the following paragrahs and answer the questions:
1. Computers are everywhere. They can make vehicles at supersonic speed and
precision, they can control world banking transactions, predict weather conditions,
conduct an aircraft or a space craft, play instruments, manage nuclear weapons;
they can operate on human patients, they can transfer information from one
continent to another in seconds, they can... they can ... they can ... Yet, thank God,
they still need human beings: to draw the instructions, to design the programs or to
push the button!
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Where can you find computers?
Can computers control world banking transactions?
Who draws the instructions?
Do computers need human beings?
Why do computers need human beings for?
2. The basic job of a computer is to process information. The early computers were
simple calculators working with numbers, but today, computers can work with many
different types of information, not only numbers. The advantage of a computer is
that it can store vast quantities of information (imagine all the information contained
in 100,000 books put on one plastic disk) and it can find any piece of the
information very fast. (Imagine looking at the 100,000 books to find all the
information about Barcelona. A computer can do this in a few seconds. So
computers are useful because they can store a lot of information in a small space,
and manipulate, or process, the information quickly.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the advantage of a computer?
Why are computers useful?
How computers work with different types of information?
What does a computer do?
PAST TENSE
Verb To Be
POSITIVE STATEMENTS
I
He
She
Was
(era, estuvo)
a good dancer.
at work yesterday.
You
We
Were
good students
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Manual del Alumno
They
(era, estuvieron)
NOTA :
-
“ Was” es el pasado de “is” o “am”
Ejemplo : John is in Paris
(John está en Paris)
John was in Paris yesterday. (John estuvo en Paris ayer)
-
“ Were” es el pasado de “are”
Ejemplo : The students are in the lab. (los estudiantes están en el laboratorio)
The students were in the lab yesterday.
(Los estudiantes estuvieron en el laboratorio ayer)
NEGATIVE STATEMENTS
I
He
She
You
We
They
Wasn ' t
at work last night.
Weren ' t
NOTA ;
La negación se forma añadiendo “not” detrás de “was” o “were”
QUESTIONS
You
We
They
He
She
Were
Was
at work last Monday?
NOTA :
La interrogación se forma colocando “was” o “were” delante del sujeto.
SHORT ANSWERS
Positive Answers
Yes ,
Yes,
I
We
They
he
She
Negative Answers
was
were
Was
.
.
No,
No,
I
we
they
he
she
wasn ' t .
weren't .
wasn ' t .
SIMPLE PAST
Verb to be
READING COMPREHENSION : The Weather and Seasons
"When I was young, winters were very cold and summers were very hot. Autumn in September
and October was beautiful but it was always foggy in November and it always snowed in
December. It was windy in March, it rained in April, and it was always sunny in August.
Nowadays the weather is different. It's always changing. It sometimes snows in April, rains in
August and is warm and sunny in January. "
1. When was it always foggy?
....................................................................
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Manual del Alumno
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
When did it always snow?
....................................................................
When was it windy?
....................................................................
When did it rain?
....................................................................
When was it always sunny?
....................................................................
When does it sometimes snow nowadays? ............ ...........................................
NOTA :
El verbo to be (ser, estar) se emplea también al hacer referencia al tiempo atmosférico, en cuyo
caso se traduce “hacer” .
Ejemplo :
It was cold yesterday
Hizo frío ayer
EXERCISES
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
II.
ANSWER :
Was yesterday Saturday? ..............................................................................
What day was it yesterday? ...........................................................................
Where were you last weekend? .....................................................................
When were you born? ....................................................................................
TRANSLATE THESE PARAGRAPHS INTO SPANISH.
1. ARPANET was one of the first networks.
2. The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) was the father of modern
computers.
3. The abacus was the first mechanical aid for counting.
4. IBM (International Business Machine Coorporation) was created by Herman Hollerith.
5. The first generation of computer hardware was based on valve technology, the second on
transistors, and the third on simple integrated circuitry.
6. The Difference Engine which was invented by Charles Babbage in 1822, was capable of
performing arithmetic operations.
7. All computers work with digital information, but there are a lot of different ways in which this
digital information is organized.
8. Computers are rapidly changing the world we live in and the way we live. They are creating
new jobs and making old jobs unnecessary : offices, banks, farms and factories are all very
different from 20 years ago.
9. Computers are also changing education : what you learn and how you learn are changing
as a result of computers.
10. There are two types of computers used in a LAN : workstations, and servers. The
workstations work only for the person sitting in front of it.
11. Visual Basic writes information into each application that provides public, creatable objects.
During installation, you can write this information to the system registration database by
running the application with the REGSERVER switch.
12. The toolbox contains a tool for every type of control you can use on Microsoft Access form.
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13. A printer prints the information processed by your computer. Printers vary in printing speed
and output capabilities. For example, some letter-quality printers can print high quality text
quickly, some dot matrix and laser printers can print both text and graphics.
TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING COMPUTER TERMS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Random access................................
Computation.....................................
Breakpoint........................................
Adder................................................
Clipboard..........................................
Mainframe........................................
Reader.............................................
Set...................................................
Cross check.....................................
Crash..............................................
Debugger........................................
Link.................................................
Compile...........................................
Environment...................................
Search............................................
Hard copy.......................................
Counter..........................................
Backup...........................................
Checkpoint.....................................
Allocation......................................
DINAMICA DE ESTUDIO
I
WRITE WAS / WASN ' T / WERE / WEREN ' T.
1. We didn't like our hotel room. It was
very small and it wasn't
very
clean.
2. Linda got married when she ..........................24 years old.
3. I phoned you last evening, but you .................. home. Where
...........................you?
4. The banks .................... open yesterday because it ..................... a holiday.
5. Dan ...................... at work last week because he ................... sick. He's better
now.
6. "............................you at home at 9:30?" "No, I ................. . I .................. at
work."
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Manual del Alumno
II
WRITE AM / IS / ARE / WAS / WERE. SOME SENTENCES ARE PRESENT AND
SOME ARE PAST.
1.
2.
Last year she ...... was ....... 22, so she ....is.... 23 now.
The weather .............................nice right now, but a few hours ago it
..................foggy.
3. I ................hungry. May I have something to eat ?
4. I ................hungry last night, so I had something to eat.
5. Where ............... you at 11 o'clock last Friday morning ?
6. Don't buy those shoes. They ...............too expensive.
7. Why ............... you so angry yesterday ?
8. We have to go now. It ............... very late.
9. This time last year I ................. in Paris.
10. We .................tired when we got home, so we went to bed.
11. Charlie Chaplin died in 1978. He ...............a famous movie star.
12. "Where ............... the children ?" "I don't know. They ..............here ten minutes
ago."
III
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
IV
WRITE QUESTIONS.
I saw a movie.
I met some people.
I took an exam.
I bought some books.
I went to a museum.
(good?) Was it good ?
.
(friendly?).......................................................
(hard?) ............................................................
(expensive?)....................................................
(interesting?)...................................................
TRANSLATE THESE PARAGRAPHS INTO SPANISH.
1. Comments are like notes to yourself, helping to explain what you were thinking of when you
wrote the code.
2. If you were distributing an application that replaces a previous version, the new version must
be code-compatible with the previous version.
3. When you changed the background color of the form header section, for example, you were
changing one of that section's properties.
4. If you were using an English version of Windows version 3.11 to upgrade a non-English
version of Windows 95, you will need to use Custom Setup
SIMPLE PAST
(Other verbs)
VERBOS REGULARES – AUXILIAR DID
PRESENT
PAST
Positive
Positive
Negative
I watch
(Yo veo)
I watched
(Yo ví )
I didn’t watch
(Yo no ví )
Did I watch... ?
( ¿Ví yo? )
He cleans
(El limpia)
He cleaned
(El limpió)
He did not clean
(El no limpió)
Did he clean... ?
( ¿Limpió él...?)
You work
You worked
you
didn't work
Question
Did
you work... ?
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Manual del Alumno
(Tú trabajas)
(Tú trabajaste)
(Tú no trabajaste)
( ¿Trabajaste tú...?)
NOTA :
-
Los verbos regulares forman el pasado añadiendo la terminación “ed” al verbo original
Ejemplo :
start
(comenzar)
started (comenzó)
open (abrir)
opened (abrió)
-
Para formar la negación con un verbo regular conjugado en pasado se coloca el auxiliar
“did” entre el sujeto y la negación “not” y a continuación el verbo de que se trate en
infinitivo (forma original, se omite la “ed”)
Ejemplo :
I opened my mail.
( Yo abrí mi correo )
I did not open my mail.
( Yo no abrí mi correo )
I didn’t open my mail
(En la conversación se emplea la forma
abreviada)
-
Para formar la interrogación con un verbo regular conjugado en pasado se emplea el
auxiliar “did” seguido del sujeto y el verbo en infinitivo, es decir se omite la terminación
“ed” al emplear “did”
Ejemplo :
Paul worked all day yesterday.
( Paul trabajó todo el día ayer )
Did Paul work all day yesterday? ( ¿Trabajó Paul todo el día ayer? )
Spell Check
Cry
+ ed =
Stop + ed =
Smile + ed =
cried
stopped
smiled
NOTA :
-
Los verbos regulares terminados en “y” precedida por una consonante, cambian la “y” por
“i” antes de tomar la terminación “ed” para formar el pasado y el participio pasado.
Ejemplo : Try
Tried
Fry
Fried
-
Los verbos regulares terminados en consonante sencilla precedida por una vocal sencilla,
doblan la consonante y toman “ed” para formar el padado y participio pasado.
Ejemplo : Stop
Stopped
-
Los verbos regulares terminados en “e” forman el pasado añadiendo sólo “d”
Ejemplo : Arrive
Arrived
Receive
Received
EXERCISES.
I – WRITE THE PAST TENSE OF THESE VERBS.
1.play
2.end
3.happen
4.try
5.happen
6.finish
7. start
8. arrive
9. brush
10. rain
11. open
12. talk
13. die
14. Live
15. snow
16. stay
17. turn
18. work
19. enjoy
20. watch
21. call
22. want
23. walk
24. use
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Manual del Alumno
II – COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES. USE ONE OF THESE VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PAST.
Brush - die - end - enjoy - happen - live - open - play - rain - start - stay turn
- want - watch.
1.Yesterday evening I
watched television.
2.I ...........................my teeth three times yesterday.
3.It waws dark, so I ............................... on the light.
4.The concert last night .................... at 7:30 and ......................... at 10 o'clock.
5.The accident......................... last Sunday afternoon.
6.When I was a child, I .......................... to be a doctor.
7.Mozart..........................from 1756 to 1791.
8.We ............................. our vacation last year. We ........................ at a very good hotel.
9.Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it ...............................
10.It was hot in the room, so I ........................ the window.
III – WRITE SENTENCES ABOUT YOURSELF. WHAT DID YOU DO YESTERDAY.
1...................................................................................................................................
2...................................................................................................................................
3...................................................................................................................................
4...................................................................................................................................
5...................................................................................................................................
PASADO SIMPLE
Verbos Irregulares
SIMPLE PRESENT
Positive
I
do
We
go
They have
It
begins
SIMPLE PAST
Positive
I
We
They
It
did
went
had
began
Negative
I
We did not
They didn’t
It
Question
do
go
have
begin
Did
I
do...?
we go...?
they have...?
It
begin...?
NOTA :
-
No existe una regla para cambiar a pasado los verbos irregulares, por lo que para
emplearlos necesitamos memorizarlos o consultar una lista de verbos.
Ejemplo : I go to the institute at 8 am ( Yo voy al instituto a las 8 )
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Manual del Alumno
I went to the institute at 8 am. ( Yo fui al instituto a las 8)
-
Para formar una oración negativa necesitamos el auxiliar “did” y la negación “not” , que se
colocan después del sujeto y antes del verbo, el cual debe estar en infinitivo (forma original)
Ejemplo : Mr. Wilson wrote an e.mail
(El Sr. Wilson escribió un correo)
Mr. Wilson didn’t write an e.mail (El Sr. Wilson no escribió un correo)
-
Para formar una oración interrogativa se antepone el auxiliar “did” al sujeto y se coloca el
verbo en infinitivo (forma original)
Ejemplo : The secretary sent a fax
(La secretaria envió un fax)
Did the secretary send a fax? (La secretaria no envió un fax)
SHORT ANSWERS
Affirmative
Yes,
I
you
He
She
It
We
They
Negative
did.
No,
I
You
He
she
it
we
they
didn’t
NOTA :
- Existen dos tipos de respuestas, en forma breve o respuesta completa.
Ejemplo : Did Mr. Keller work yesterday?
Yes, he did.
/ Yes, he worked yesterday.
No, he didn’t. / No, he didn’t work yesterday.
EXERCISES
I – COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES WITH THE VERB IN THE NEGATIVE.
1.I saw John, but I
didn't see
Mary.
2.They worked on Monday, but they ..................................... on Tuesday.
3.Wse went to the store, but we ............................... to the bank.
4.She had a pen, but she.................................. any paper.
5.Jack did the laundry, but he ..........................the shopping.
II – YOU ARE ASKING SOMEBODY QUESTIONS. WRITE QUESTIONS WITH DID.....?
1.I watched TV last night. How about you? Did you watch TV last night ?
2.I enjoyed the party. How about you? .................................................................
3.I had a good vacation. How about you?.............................................................
4.I got up early this morning. How about you? ....................................................
5.I slept well last night. How about you?...............................................................
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Manual del Alumno
III WRITE THE PAST TENSE OF THESE VERBS.
1. get
7. Leave
13. Buy
2. eat
8. Win
14. Know
3. ride
9. See
15. Wear
4. begin
10. Go
16. Stand
5. make
11. Hear
17. Take
6. give
12. Find
18. Do
19. Put
20. Tell
21. Write
22. Lose
23. Think
24. Speak
IV – WRITE SENTENCES ABOUT THE PAST (YESTERDAY / LAST WEEK, etc.)
1.He always goes to work by car. Yesterday she went to work by car.
2.They always get up early. This morning they ..........................................................
3.Bill often loses his keys. He .........................................................................last Saturday.
4.I write a letter to Jane every week. Last week...................................................................
5.She meets her friends every evening. She..................................................last evening.
6.I usually read two newspapers every day. ...................................................... yesterday.
7.They come to my house every Friday. Last Friday...........................................................
8.We usually go to the movies on Sunday........................................................last Sunday.
9.Tom always has fruit for breakfast. .............................................................. this morning.
10.They buy a new car every year. Last year............................................................................
V - FIND THE PAST TENSE FORMS OF THESE WORDS IN THE BOX OF WORDS BELOW:
Store - process - deal - do - get - have - try
E
A
S
N
F
I
H
S
O
G
T
T
D
U
P
R
O
C
E
S
I
G
R
E
A
N
L
I
I
T
B
O
E
R
L
X
I
R
D
A
H
A
D
Z
T
R
A
T
C
N
K
T
W
E
M
O
U
N
H
E
L
S
D
E
G
R
E
D
V
H
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
The search for a calculating machine
For centuries scientists and inventors tried to find a machine that could do calculations,
because most people had difficulty doing sums with pencil and paper, especially with very large
numbers. Although it is not a machine, the abacus was used 500 years ago for counting.
Pascal and Leibniz
The first real counting machine was invented by a Frenchman called Blaise Pascal in the
seventeenth century. It did additions and substractions but very few people were convinced of
its value.
Charles Babbage
Babbage, generally considered to be the inventor of the computer, was born in England in 1791.
He was a rich man who spent all his time and money trying to build a machine that accepted
input (numbers) and then did calculations on the input, using a set of rules, and finally gave the
result printed on paper. His first machine, which was limited to solving certain types of
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Manual del Alumno
mathematical equations, was called the “Difference Engine”, but he then had the idea of making
a machine which could do any sort of calculation. This device Babbage called the “Analytical
Engine”, but it was never finished, and Babbage died.
Exercises
I.
Translate the paragraphs.
II.
Make questions and answers based on these words
Example : Pascal / the ENIAC.
Did Pacal invent the ENIAC ?
No, he didn't. J.W. Mauchley did.
1. Leibniz / the first real counting machine?
(Pascal)
Question:........................................................................
Answer: .........................................................................
2. Babbage / the Tabulating Machine?
(Hollerith)
Question: .......................................................................
Answer: .......................................................................
3. Konrad Zuse / the Colossus machine?
(Turing)
Question: .......................................................................
Answer:..........................................................................
4. Aiken / Analytical engine?
(Babbage)
Question:........................................................................
Answer: .........................................................................
5. J:W: Mauchly / Mark 1?
(Aiken)
Question:........................................................................
Answer:...........................................................................
III.
Answer about the reading :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
IV.
Answer about you :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
V.
Did people have diffficulty doing sums? ____________________________________
Is the abacus a machine? _______________________________________________
Who invented the first real counting machine? _______________________________
Where was Pascal from? _______________________________________________
Where was Babbage born? ______________________________________________
When was Babbage born? ______________________________________________
How was his first machine called? ________________________________________
Did Babbage finish the “Analytical Engine”? _________________________________
When were you born? _____________________________________________
Where were you born? ____________________________________________
What did you do last weekend? _____________________________________
Did you go to the disco last weekend? ________________________________
Where did you go? _______________________________________________
Who did you go with? _____________________________________________
Complete the following text. Use past tense :
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Manual del Alumno
Yesterday I (go) _________ to a lecture at the university about computer viruses. It (be)
______ a very interesting talk. The lecturer (show) _________ us lots of different kinds of
viruses on her computer and (tell) ________ us about some antivirus programs. She (say)
________ that most of the viruses (come) _________ from the United States. At the end of
the lecture some members of the audience (ask) ________ some questions, and finally the
lecturer (give) ________ us each a leaflet with a lof of information about how to protect your
computer against viruses.
VI.
Answer :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
VII.
Was the lecture interesting? _________________________________________
What was the lecture about? _________________________________________
Where do most viruses come from? ___________________________________
What did the lecturer give to the audience? ______________________________
Did the lecturer tell about antivirus programs? ____________________________
Translate these sentences :
1. Computers were invented a long time ago. The first computers cost a lot of money; they
were expensive and they were very big too.
2. The first electronic computers, made in the 1940s, were large, slow, and very expensive,
but in the 1960s computers made a giant step forward with the invention of transistors.
3. In the 1950s, computers were extremely expensive machines used by rich companies to do
long and complicated operations.
4. The problem with the early computers was that the electricity used in the computers
passed along wires and valves, and this caused very high temperatures.
PRESENTE VS. PASADO
I
LOOK AT THE TELEPHONE CONVERSATION. WRITE THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT
TENSE :
A:
B:
Hello, Pam. How (be)................... you?
I (be) ..................... fine, thanks. The weather (be)................. wonderful here !
It (be) ......................very warm and the sun ( shine).........................
Oh! It (snow) ............................. here at the moment. ( (not like) .........................
January in England! What (be)................... your hotel like in Melbourne?
Wonderful! It (have got) ......................... three swimming pools and four very
good restaurants. Last week, there (be) ..................... two parties in the hotel
and last night there (be) ..........................a barbecue on the beach. I (have)
..................... a marvellous time here.
A:
B:
II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH do, did, does.
.................. you see the film on television last night?
.................. you have a scanner?
................... she buy a mouse last week?
.................. you often go to the supermarket?
.................. he go to the trade fair last week?
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Manual del Alumno
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
III
.................. this computer use MS DOS?
.................. John have any adventure games?
.................. you like working here?
.................. they go abroad last summer?
.................. it rain a lot in winter in England?
COMPLETE TEXTS WITH THE CORRECT FORMS OF THE VERBS.
Ride
Study
a)
b)
c)
IV
hate
wear
work
have
go(x2)
buy
leave
can
After Helen .................... school last summer, she ......................... a long
Holiday. Now she ................... engineering at university and she .....................
Hard.
In her free time, Helen ..................... riding. She ...................... a black horse
Called Prince. She ...................... very well.
Helen always ........................ cheerful colours. She ................... colours like
Black, brown and dark green . Yesterday she .......................shopping and
She................. a bright yellow patterned sweater.c
USE THE NOTES TO WRITE SENTENCES ABOUT HOW SHE SPENT HER DAY
YESTERDAY.
Example:
Get up at 8 o'clock.
She got up at 8 o'clock yesterday.
1. get up at 8 o'clock
.........................................................................
2. go for a swim before breakfast. ....................................................................
3. spend the morning on the beach .. ................................................................
4. have lunch at a beach café
...................................................................
5. swim and sunbathe in the afternoon ..............................................................
6. have a windsurfing lesson.
....................................................................
DINAMICA DE ESTUDIO
I.
ANSWER ABOUT YOU :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
II.
What’s your last name? ____________________________________
Are you married? ________________________________________
Do you have a computer? __________________________________
Where do you study? _____________________________________
Where are you now? ______________________________________
Are you eating now? ______________________________________
What are you doing? ______________________________________
Can you speak French? ___________________________________
Did you have English classes yesterday? _______________________
What did you do yesterday? ________________________________
Did you come to classes last Saturday? ________________________
Where did you go on Saturday? ______________________________
Are there tables in this class? _______________________________
How many chairs are there? _________________________________
COMPLETE :
Do, Does, Did
1. _____ Mr. Cooper work in a bank?
2. _____ the students use computers?
Yes, ____ ____
Yes, ____ ____
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Manual del Alumno
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
III.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
Sally live in Miami?
Bill come to classes yesterday?
the banks work last Sunday?
your computer work well?
you study last week?
No, ____
Yes, ____
No, ____
No, ____
Yes, ____
____
____
____
____
____
COMPLETE : Use “Past Tense”
Last Monday Marcel (go) ______ to London for the day. He (get up) _____ at 6:30 a.m.
, (travel) ______ to Calais and then he (walk) _____ to the museums but they (not / be)
______ open because it (be) ____ Monday. Finally he (have) _____ lunch in a
restaurant and (come) _____ back home.
IV.
COMPLETE : Present or Past?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I.
Sandra always (eat) ______ lunch in a restaurant.
The students (work) ________ in the lab yesterday morning.
Peter (do) ______ homework last night.
Alex and Bill usually (go) ______ to work on time.
I always (drink) ______ orange juice in the morning.
Last weekend John and Susy (go) ________ to the disco.
Translate :
Kent Clark went to Canada on vacation. He went with his friends last winter. They went
by plane to Montreal and stayed at a hotel near Mount Royal Park. They didn’t go to the
Place des Arts but they visited McGill University and they went to a lot of restaurants.
They had a great time.
V.
MATCH:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
VI.
Do you eat chinese food?
Are you English?
How many computers are there?
Does your father work?
Where did you go?
Did Henry phone yesterday?
Are Mily and Ted English?
Who is in the office?
Are there curtains in the office?
___ a) To London.
___ b) Mr. Johnson.
___ c) No, he didn’t.
___ d) No, they aren’t.
___ e) Yes, I am.
___ f) Yes, there are.
___ g) No, I don’t.
___ h) Yes, he works.
___ i) There are six.
Complete this paragraph . Use “Past Tense”
Maria (get) _____ up at 7:00 a.m., then she (take) ______ a shower and (eat) ______
breakfast. Later she (go) _____ to school. Her English class (be) _____ very good and
the teacher (be) _____ happy.
At 3:00 p.m. she (be) _____ swimming, and then she (go) _____ home. She (eat)
_____ lunch and (do) ______ homework. She (stay) _____ home until 6:00 p.m. Then
she (go) ______ with her family to a restaurant . After they (eat) _____ dinner, they
(see) _____ a film at the movies. At 11:00 p.m. the family (come) ______ home and
(go) ______ to bed, but Maria (watch) _______ T.V. When she (be) _____ tired, she
(go) _____ to bed and (sleep) _______.
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Manual del Alumno
VII.
Complete. Put the verbs into the correct form : (Present or Past)
1. Jack usually (work) ______ until 7:30 p.m. but last night he (finish) ______
early.
2. Sam and Sarah always (get up) _______ at 8:00 a.m. but yesterday they (get up)
________ at lunch-time.
3. Daniel usually (see) ______ his mother on Sundays, but last week he (visit)
_______ her on Saturday.
4. I always (study) _______ in the evenings, but last night I (watch) ______ a great
film on TV.
TIEMPO FUTURO
“ Going to ...”
Positive
statements
_______
I am
She is
He is
It is
We are
You are
They are
study
write
going to ...
rain
work
dance
read
Negative
statements
___________
I'm not
He isn't
She isn't
It isn't
We aren't
You aren't
They aren't
tomorrow
going to ...
next week
NOTA :
-
Para formar el futuro se emplea el auxiliar “ going to ...” precedido por el verbo “ to be ”
Ejemplo :
I am going to have dinner at eight.
(Yo cenaré a las ocho)
He is going to read the newspaper tomorrow morning.
(el leerá el periódico mañana en la mañana)
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Manual del Alumno
-
La negación se forma colocando “not” después del verbo to be”, antes de “ going to...”
Ejemplo : They are not going to sell their computers.
(Ellos no venderán sus computadoras)
She is not going to watch television.
(Ella no verá televisión)
-
Para formar la interrogación se coloca el verbo “ to be” delante del sujeto.
Ejemplo : Hellen is going to change her car.
Is Hellen going to change her car?
The students are going to visit the museum
Are the students going to visit the museum?
-
Existen dos tipos de respuestas, breves o completas.
Ejemplo : Is the secretary going to send a fax?
Yes, she is
/ Yes, she is going to send a fax.
No, she isn’t. / No, she isn’t going to send a fax.
Are you going to watch television?
Yes, I am.
/ Yes, I’m going to watch television.
No, I’m not
/ No, I’m not going to watch television.
Exercises
I.
Read these sentences, then write sentences about yourself.
Example :
1. He’s going to have lunch in a restaurant tomorrow.
- I’m going to have lunch in a restaurant, too.
- I’m not going to have lunch in a restaurant. I’m going to have lunch at home.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
II.
He’s going to get up at ten o’clock tomorrow.
He’s going to have a very big breakfast.
He’s going to have lunch in a very expensive restaurant.
He’s going to smoke five or six cigarettes tomorrow.
Tomorrow evening he’s going to have a bottle of champagne with his dinner.
He’s going to watch television in the evening.
Read the sentences, Change them into questions about tomorrow.
1. Bernard is working late today.
_Is_ he going to _work_ late tomorrow too?
2. We are speaking English. ______ we _______ to speak English tomorrow,
too?
3. Two detectives are watching Larry now. ______ they ______ to ______
him tomorrow, too?
4. Susan is interviewing someone now. _____ she _____ ____ interview someone
tomorrow, ______?
5. Basil is eating in a very expensive restaurant. ____ ____ ______ ___ _____
in a very expensive __________ tomorrow, _____?
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Manual del Alumno
6. You are reading this book now. _____ _____ _______ ____ ______ it tomorrow,
too?
III.
Reading Comprehension
TODAY AND TOMORROW
It is Wednesday evening. Bernard Winter often works late on Wednesday evening.
He is going to work late this evening. There are a lot of letters and other things on his
desk.
Tomorrow is Thursday. Bernard is going to talk to some students in the morning. After
that, he is going to see a journalist.
All these things are in Bernard’s diary, but the diary isn’t on his desk. It’s on his
secretary’s desk.
Bernard always has lunch in a restaurant on Thursday. The restaurant is called
Ricardo’s Table. It is near the museum.
ANSWER :
1. Is Bernard going to work late? _____________________________________
2. What is he going to do tomorrow? __________________________________
3. Do you have a diary? ____________________________________________
4. What are you going to do tomorrow? _______________________________
5. Where are you going to have lunch tomorrow? _________________________
6. What are you going to do after this lesson? __________________________
7. What are three things you are going to do next week? ___________________
8. Are you going to come on Saturday? ________________________________
9. When are you going to have vacations? ______________________________
10. What are you going to do tomorrow morning? __________________________
FUTURE TENSE
“Will”
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES
Positive
Contraction
Negative
Contraction
I
You
He
She will study ...
It
We
They
I
You
He
She ’ll
It
We
They
I
You
He
She will not study
It
We
They
I
You
He
She won’t study
It
We
They
study
NOTA :
-
Para formar el futuro se emplea el auxiliar “ will ” que se coloca entre el sujeto y el
verbo que se desea conjugar.
Ejemplo :
I will go to the library (Yo iré a la biblioteca)
They will buy a new computer. (Ellos comprarán una computadora)
-
Al igual que otros verbos auxiliares, “will” suele abreviarse en la conversación por “ ’ll ”
Ejemplo :
Henry will come next week.
(Henry vendrá la próxima semana)
Henry’ll come next week.
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Manual del Alumno
-
Para negar se coloca “ not “ entre “ will ” y el verbo principal. “ Will not” se abrevia
“ won’t ” y ésta es la forma que suele emplearse en la conversación.
Ejemplo :
Susan will not write an e.mail tomorrow.
Susan won’t write an e. mail tomorrow.
(Susan no escribirá un correo mañana)
-
La interrogación se forma colocando “will” delante del sujeto, al que sigue el verbo que
se desea conjugar.
Ejemplo :
The students will surf the internet
Will the students surf the internet?
-
Existen dos tipos de respuestas : breves o completas.
Ejemplo :
Will the secretary send a fax?
Yes, she will. / Yes, she will send a fax.
No, she won’t. / No, she won’t send a fax.
DINAMICA DE ESTUDIO
Multiple exercises
I.
Write sentences :
1. Mr. Doyle / drink / a cup of coffee / in the office.
Present : _ Mr. Doyle drinks a cup of coffee in the office._
Past
: _ Mr. Doyle drank a cup of coffee in the office. _
Future : _ Mr. Doyle will dirnk a cup of coffee in the office_
2. The students / do homework / in the afternoon.
Present : _______________________________________
Past
: _______________________________________
Future : _______________________________________
3.
Kent and John / go / to the disco / on weekend.
Present : _________________________________________
Past
: _________________________________________
Future : _________________________________________
4. Sally / come / to classes / early.
Present : _________________________________________
Past
: _________________________________________
Future : _________________________________________
II.
Read this letter and answer :
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Manual del Alumno
My name is Elaine Woods. I’m a homemaker from Palo Alto, Califormia. This is my
family. My husband, Jack is a doctor. Peter is our son. He is three years old. Ellen is our
daughter. She is five.
Last year I worked in a tall, new office building. I was a writer for a women’s magazine.
I’m not working this year bacause I am really busy at home with my family. We have a
lot of family activities.
Next year I’m going to work four days a week. My husband is going to stay home with
Peter and Ellen.
Answer :
1. What does Elaine do? ___________________________________________
2. Is she married? ________________________________________________
3. Does she work? ________________________________________________
4. Where did she work? ___________________________________________
5. Is she going to work next year? ____________________________________
6. Who is going to stay home? _______________________________________
III.
Complete . Use the right form of the verbs :
1. The weather (be) _________ terrible yesterday.
2. Next Saturday Debra (run) __________ ten miles.
3. We usually (eat) ________ at Mario’s, but tomorrow night we (eat) _______
At Vitello’s.
4. We (take) _________ lots of pictures on vacation last summer.
5. My brother usually (play) ________ tennis with Harry on weekends.
6. Yesterday I (have) ________ a bad headache.
7. I (study) ________ in the library tomorrow.
8. It (be) ________ hot last July.
9. It (be) ________ cloudy today.
10. I (make) __________ dinner tomorrow night.
11. Mr. Baker always (go) _______ to work very early.
12. The good students never (forget) ________ homework.
IV.
Write short answers :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
V.
Are there good students here?
Is English difficult?
Did Mrs. Lynn work yesterday?
Are the students going to work?
Do you want to get a good job?
Can this printer work well?
Does Mr. Cambell speak English?
Will Sally travel to London?
Yes,
No,
No,
Yes,
Yes,
No,
No,
No,
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
Translate :
Purchasing Hardware and Software
1. When buying printers, ask to see a sample printout from the printer you are
considering, and find out how many pages it will print per minute because not all
laser printers are of equal quality.
2. The following checklist can guide you in making purchasing decisions :
a. Who will use the equipment?
b. Does the equipment come with detailed, understandable setup instructions?
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Manual del Alumno
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Will the vendor provide help in installing the equipment?
Is there a telephone number I can call for help?
Is the software documentation easy to understand?
Is there a tutorial I can attend?
Can the computer be upgraded?
Do I want to connect the computer to a network workstation and access a file
server?
i. Are there expansions slots?
j. How many disk drives do I need?
k. Will I require high-density or low-density disks?
l. Do I need to run the sofware in a Windows environment?
m. Can the software be run on a network?
n. Will the vendor install the hardware if necessary?
3. The combination of computers and telecommunications is causing a profound
revolution in our society which will completely change all our lives. The
communication of information is essencial to all sectors of society; all types of
business and commerce, education, medicine, governments and administration,
and individuals (at a personal, business, or government level) and the “mass
media”: radio, television and newspapers.
Technologies that will determine the course of personal computing :
-
Office workers will compute anywhere, anytime.
-
The house of the future will have a computer in every room.
-
Network technology will exist at affordablle prices.