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University of Puerto Rico
Medical Science Campus
Title V Project
Interdisciplinary Educational
Model that Incorporates
Technology for Health
Professions’ Students
Dra. Jennifer Guzmán, School of Pharmacy Coordinator
Dra. Gloria Ortiz Blanco, School of Nursing Coordinator
Prof. Mirna L. Pacheco, College of Health Related Professions Coordinator
Dr. Rubén García, Director Title V Project
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October/2006
Interdisciplinary Educational
Model (IEM)
DESCRIPTION
The Interdisciplinary Educational Model is an
educational interdisciplinary approach that
incorporates technology to enhance the health
educational skills of students of health professions
for the health promotion and maintenance, and the
prevention of illness of at risk populations.
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Background
IEM is the implementation of the
Educational Component of the Title V
Project within the Office of the Chancellor
at the Medical Sciences Campus (MSC) of
the University of Puerto Rico (UPR).
The Project is funded by the US
Department of Education Title V Grant
PO31SO10027PO
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Background
Title V Project Strategic Goal No. 2
Within the full Title V Project, IEM fulfills
Strategic Goal No. 2:
The creation of interdisciplinary settings
that integrate models of teaching, service
and research which contribute to the
academic performance of students as well
as to the well being and people quality of
life.
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Background
Specific Goal of the Title V Project Educational
Component
To contribute to the students’ acquisition of
educational skills required to teach health
promotion and maintenance, and prevention of
illness on their respective curricula’s , within the
Medical Sciences Campus community groups.
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Procedure/Methodology

Phase 1 - Research: Needs Assessment


Students’ need for training
Common Health Problems

Phase 2 – Planning

Phase 3 - Implementation
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Phase 1
Research: Needs Assessment
Student Needs for Health Teaching Training – Survey
Sample/participants Description:
 Undergraduates
 Diurnal students
 Singles living with parents and boarding
 Graduates from public high schools
 No children
 Not working
 22 years average age
 Receiving financial aid
 Mostly women
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Student Needs - Survey
80.00%
70.00%
60.00%
76.4%
70%
50.00%
50%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
25%
Responding
students’ curricula
include a teaching
component
Responding
students’ programs
require health
teaching activities
Students have never
carried out an
educational activity
Respondents
indicate difficulty in
carrying out an
educational activity
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Phase 1 – Research : Needs Assessment
Most common health problems identified
were:
•
•
•
•
•
Diabetes
Cardiovascular diseases and hypertension
Mental health and depression
Cancer
Asthma
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Phase 2 - Planning




Staff recruitment:
• Educational Center Coordinator
• School Coordinators
• Faculty
Design of Learning Activities
Design of Educational Center
Promotion activities for students recruitment
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Working Plan
Prevention
Promotion
Maintenance
1st semester
August / Dec.
2nd semester
January / May
20 Students
*Educational
Workshops
*Health Fair
20 Students
*Educational
Workshops
*Health Fair
Educational Lectures and Health Fairs
Medical Science Campus Community
Project Alumni
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Phase 3 - Implementation



Student recruitment
Student training
• Workshops
• Tutorials
• Poster Evaluations
• Health Fairs
Educational Center Support Services
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Model Characteristics

Technology-based
• For student learning
 Used in all workshops
 Technological support center
• Computers, printers, access to:
internet, data bases, programs, printed
materials
• Full-time Educational Coordinator
offering technological tutorials and
support.
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Technological
Support Center
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Model Characteristics
Technology-based
• For patient teaching: Electronically designed
educational materials
• Flyers
• Brochures
• Posters
• Power Point Presentations
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¿Cómo Puedes Prevenir el Cáncer?
Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Ciencias Médicas, Escuela de Farmacia
Oficina del Rector Proyecto Título V
Por: Janiris Alsina Rivera y Abel Morales Ortiz
Introducción
Prevención del Cáncer
Más de un millón de personas contraen cáncer cada año. Aproximadamente 1 de
cada 2 hombres y una de cada 3 mujeres tendrá cáncer en alguna etapa de su vida.
Cada año más de 350,000 hombres y mujeres son diagnosticados con cáncer, entre
los que prevalecen: cáncer del pulmón, colorectal, piel, seno, próstata y del cuello
del útero. Cualquier persona puede contraer cáncer a cualquier edad. Normalmente
un 79 % de los casos de cáncer ocurren en personas que tienen 55 años de edad o
más. Actualmente millones de personas viven con la enfermedad o se han podido
curar. Sin embargo por medio de cambios en los estilos de vida y con la temprana
detección, estos cánceres pueden ser prevenidos y tratados fácilmente.
La mejor manera de combatir el cáncer es previniendo. La detección temprana es la
mejor arma contra la enfermedad, ya que a más temprano se detecte, mayor será la
probabilidad de sobrevivir al mismo.
32% Pulmón y
bronquios
10% Próstata
10% Colon y recto
Men
290,890
 Haga ejercicios regularmente por lo menos 30 minutos tres veces a la semana.
 Protéjase al tener relaciones sexuales. Se recomienda el uso de métodos
anticonceptivos como el condón. Hay ciertos virus de transmisión sexual que se
asocian al cáncer del cuello de la matriz.
 Expóngase al sol lo menos posible entre las 10:00 AM y 4:00 PM. Se
recomienda una crema bloqueadora de mínimo SPF 15 para proteger su piel.
Si trabaja con sustancias químicas nocivas tales como el asbesto utilice un tipo de
vestimenta que le proteja y siga todas las normas de protección.
Women
272,810
25%
Pulmón y bronquios
15% Seno
10% Colon y recto
6%
Ovarios
5% Páncreas
6%
Páncreas
5% Leucemia
4%
Leucemia
4% Linfoma
3%
Linfoma
3%
Cuerpo uterino
4% Esófago
2%
Mieloma Múltiple
3% Hígado y ducto
2%
Cerebro
Non-Hodgkin
Non-Hodgkin
biliar
intrahepático
Estilos de Vida:
24%
Pídale a su médico que le haga exámenes físicos regularmente y pregúntele sobre
las guías de detección temprana del cáncer. Entre estos estudios se recomienda un
exámen de la próstata a hombres de 40 años de edad o más al menos una vez al año
y una mamografía al menos una vez al año a mujeres de 40 años o más (se
recomienda a toda mujer hacerse un auto-examen del seno al menos una vez al año).
Existen pruebas de laboratorios disponibles que miden marcadores de tumores que
ayudan al diagnóstico y detección temprana, como el PSA y CEA. Toda mujer
activa sexualmente debe practicarse un exámen conocido como el Papanicolau
(PAP) para detectar cáncer del cuello uterino.
Otros lugares
3% Vejiga urinaria
3% Riñón
Fuente: Sociedad Americana del Cáncer, 2004.
21% Otros lugares
Fig. 1 Muertes estimadas por cáncer en E.U.para el año 2004
¿Qué es cáncer?
El cáncer surge cuando las células de alguna parte del cuerpo comienzan a crecer
sin control. Aunque existen muchos tipos de cáncer, todos comienzan debido al
crecimiento sin control de células anormales. Debido a que las células cancerosas
continúan creciendo y dividiéndose, son diferentes de las células normales. Las
células anormales en lugar de morir, viven más tiempo que las células normales y
continúan formando nuevas células anormales. Esto puede resultar en un tumor. No
todos los tumores son malignos. Hay tumores que son benignos, o sea, que no se
propagan y por lo tanto no son indicativos de cáncer.
Formas de Prevención
Alimentación:
Siga una dieta basada en plantas que incluya vegetales, granos y frutas.
Coma menos grasas saturadas (grasas de origen animal).
Coma o beba alimentos con calcio (leche y sus derivados: queso, leche desnatada,
yogurt).
Conclusión
Factores de Riesgo
Un factor de riesgo es cualquier cosa que aumenta las probabilidades de que
cualquier persona contraiga una enfermedad. Existen diferentes factores de riesgo
que predisponen al cáncer los cuales son: exposición sin protección a los rayos
solares, fumar, consumo excesivo de alcohol, consumo de comidas de alto
contenido de grasas saturadas, falta de ejercicio, no hacerse exámenes de rutina o no
visitar al médico regularmente y factores hereditarios.
Estilos de Vida:
Evite el uso de tabaco, cigarrillo, cigarro y pipa.
Disminuya el consumo de alcohol. Limite el uso a no más de dos
tragos por día. Un trago equivale a dos cervezas y una copa de vino o
una onza de alcohol para hombres y en mujeres, una cerveza, media
copa de vino o media onza de alcohol.
Actualmente el cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte en la población, siendo las
enfermedades cardiovasculares la primera. Mediante prácticas de prevención
efectivas podemos disminuir los factores de riesgo de dicha enfermedad. Es
importante que toda persona visite frecuentemente su médico y consulte cualquier
síntoma o signo como: sangrado, sobrecrecimiento, anormalidad, debilidad, pérdida
de apetito u otros que puedan ser indicativos de cáncer.
Referencias:
2004 [on-line]. Available at http:// www.cancer.org
Subvencionado por el Programa Título V del Departamento de Educación Federal a través del
Grant PO31SO10027
Model Characteristics
Technology-based
- For documentation /assessment of learning

Student portfolio
• Copy of all workshop materials
• Technologically designed health
teaching materials
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Model Characteristics
Interdisciplinary

Faculty
• Educational Coordinators and Teachers from
 School of Nursing
 School of Pharmacy
 College of Health Related Professions
• UPR Main Campus Faculty (Rio Piedras)
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Model Characteristics

Interdisciplinary
Students from
• School of Nursing
• School of Pharmacy
• College of Health Related
Professions
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Model Characteristics

Active Learning
• Preparation of Educational Materials
• Evaluation of poster presentations – using
knowledge acquired and checklist
• Design and Implementation of Health Fairs
and Special Educational Activities
Incorporating Pedagogic and Clinical
Knowledge
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Model Characteristics

Academic Tutorials
Coordinators from each school offer:
Advice on information gathering and data
search.
 Review of educational materials contents.
 Technological advice and support.

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Model Characteristics


Voluntary Student Participation
Student Responsibilities
•
•
•
•
•
Attend all workshops
Evaluate every workshop/educational activity
Weekly written reflections
Design Educational Materials
Perform Poster Evaluations at MSC Annual Research
Forum
• Participate in Health Fair Planning
• Complete and provide a copy of personal portfolio
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Model Characteristics
Student Benefits
• Free training to learn/enhance required patient
teaching skills.
• Development/enhancement of technological
skills for general professional use.
• Development / enhancement of academic skills
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Model Characteristics

Incentives for Participation
• Free meals
• Free USB Pen drive
• Recognition
 Certificate of Participation
 Recognition Activity
• Free use of Educational Technological Center
facilities and materials for general academic
needs.
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Learning Activities
Weekly sessions
2 hours per week
11 weeks
22 total class/contact hours
2 hours orientation
12 hours workshops (6 weeks)
2 hours/poster evaluations
2 hours/health fair planning
2 hours health fairs
2 hours final evaluation and recognition
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Learning Activities

Workshops/Themes:
• Workshops capacitating students in planning and
carrying out educational activities
-Planning an Educational Lecture
-Developing
Educational Strategies
- Speaking in Public
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Learning Activities

Workshops to incorporate technology in education
-Creating an electronic portfolio
-Creating a Power Point poster
- Carrying your Message
through Publications
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RESULTS
Successful development and
implementation of IEM
102 students completed
training and portfolios
Over 100 health educational
flyers and brochures
Over 40
health educational posters
8 health fairs carried out
1,352 participants
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Figure 2 – Attendance to Health Fairs
Years 2003-2005
250
250
230
200
209
150
150
153
150
130
100
Apr-03
Nov-03
Apr-03
Nov-04
November 17/2004
Apr-05
Nov-05
6-May
80
50
30
0
31
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RESULTS
• Accomplishment of program objectives
• High level of satisfaction of student
participants
• Campus faculty and student demand for
the program training
• Development of a standard elective
and an e-course on health teaching with
emphasis on incorporation of technology
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Figure 3 - Students Perception (N-23) about applicability
of content workshops to their professional practice as
health professionals
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
Totally Agree
Agree
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Foster level of im portance of
illness prevention, health
prom otion and m aintenance
Facilitate developm ent of
educational skills
Em phasize the im portance of
illness prevention and health
prom otion and m aintenance
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CONCLUSION

IEM is an effective and useful strategy to
develop and enhance health teaching
competencies in students of health
professions.
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PLAN





Explore external resources for program
continuation
Survey to assess interest in offering the
program as continuing education
Implementation of the elective course
Further dissemination of results
Follow up of program alumnae to assess
benefit and/or further use of training
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Recommendation

To replicate and implement the IEM in
other campuses or schools/programs of
health professions.
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Title V Project Web Page
http://titulov.rcm.upr.edu/
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Questions or Comments
39
Thanks!
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