Download Semana 8 Focus on grammar

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Focus on grammar
Focus on grammar
Let´s start!
Howdy friend! Te damos la bienvenida a la semana 8, donde nos enfocaremos en el aprendizaje y revisión de la gramática estudiada. El tema de la semana lo has visto antes, por lo que te resultará muy sencillo.
Vamos a enfocarnos en un aspecto conocido de la gramática: la voz pasiva.
Esta vez, estudiaremos los tiempos compuestos.
What do you know about... ?
¿Qué sabes de la voz pasiva? ¿Cuáles son sus usos y funciones, estructuras,
formas verbales?
Your challenge is…
Tu reto es repasar lo visto anteriormente sobre voz pasiva y estudiar el tema
de esta semana, investigar y realizar los ejercicios que te proponemos.
Let´s focus…
Voz pasiva y verbo To Be (Tiempos compuestos)
Forma Pasiva (Passive Form)
En las oraciones pasivas, la persona o cosa que recibe la acción es el sujeto,
mientras la persona o cosa que realiza la acción es el agente y es opcionalmente incluido después del verbo o al final de la oración.
Puede usarse la voz pasiva si se considera
que el elemento que recibe la acción es
más importante o se quiere enfatizar.
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[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] +
[thing doing action]
Repasemos los tiempos simples con la voz pasiva:
Tabla 8. The passive voice: tiempos simples
Voz Activa
Tiempo
(sujeto
o
agente)
(Verbo
principal)
Voz Pasiva
(objeto) (objeto) (to be)
(par ticipio pasado verbo
principal)
Simple
present
You
Buy
Books
Books
are
Bought
Simple
past
You
bought
Books
Books
were
Bought
Simple
future
You
Will + buy
Books
Books
will + be
Bought
Simple
modals
You
Can + buy
Books
Books
can +be
Bought
Should+buy books
Present You buy books
Past
You bought books
Future You will buy books
Modals You can buy books
books should+be bought
Books are bought
Books were bought
Books will be bought
Books can be bought
¿Observas la diferencia entre voz activa y voz pasiva? Recuerda la estructura
de este tipo de oraciones:
ACTIVA: Sujeto o agente + verbo principal + objeto
(Peter )
(paints)
(the house)
PASIVA: Objeto o paciente + verbo TO BE + participio pasado del verbo
(The house)
(is)
(painted)
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La voz pasiva puede formarse en cualquier tiempo verbal: presente, pasado,
futuro o presente perfecto. Observa la figura 3. Recuerda el uso de la voz pasiva y sus ejemplos.
Figura 3. Voz pasiva
PRESENTE =
(to be + participio)
FUTURO =
(will + to be + participio)
The letter
is sent
by the
president
The letter
was sent
by the
president
The letter
will be
sent
by the
president
The letter
has been
sent by the
president
PASADO =
(to be + participio)
PRESENTE
PERFECTO =
(have/has + participio
de to be + participio
del verbo)
Además, podemos formar la voz pasiva con cualquier otro tiempo verbal compuesto, como el pasado perfecto y los verbos modales.
Tabla 9. Passive voice: tiempos compuestos y modales
Tiempo
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Sujeto o
agente
Voz Activa
Participio
Aux have o
pasado ververbo modal
bo principal
Objeto
Present
Perfect
You
Have
Bought
Books
Past perfect
You
Had
Bought
Books
Perfect
Modals
You
Should+have Bought
Would+have
Must+have
May/might+
have
Books
Semana 8
Focus on grammar
Present
Perfect
Past Perfect
Perfect
modals
Tiempo
You have bought books
You had bought books
You (would) have bought books
(Must)
(should)
Voz Pasiva
Participio
Aux Have o
Modal+
pasado de
have
to be
Objeto
Participio
pasado verbo principal
Present
Perfect
Books
Have
Been
Bought
Past perfect
Books
Had
Been
Bought
Perfect
Modals
Books
Should have
Been
Bought
Present
Perfect
Past Perfect
Perfect
modals
Books have been bought
Books had been bought
Books would have been bought
Books must have been bought
Books should have been bought
Let´s know more…
Para saber más, revisa en el multimedia la información que te dejamos
acerca de las formas interrogativas en voz pasiva. Estudia la tabla que
encontrarás allí y luego realiza los ejercicios en la siguiente sección.
Apply your knowledge
1. Lee el siguiente diálogo entre Carlos y Susana. Identifica las estructuras de pasiva en el texto y subráyalas.
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Semana 8
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Susana: Hello, Carlos! How was your vacation?
Carlos: Not so funny…Last summer our house was painted all by me.
Susana: Well, I suppose that you enjoyed the rest of the holidays after it was finished.
Carlos: No way, it took me one month to finish all that work.
Susana: And this work has been done all by yourself?
Carlos: Yes, I wasn’t helped. First, the exterior was washed using warm water and a mild detergent. Then all the pores in the walls were sea
led with putty. Finally, the exterior could be painted.
Susana: What kind of painting was used?
Carlos: A latex paint was used because it is easy to apply and cleans up with water.
Susana: What color did you paint the house?
Carlos: A color was used that was very close to the original color.
Susana: How did you feel when the work was already done?
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Carlos: When the job was finished, a great deal of satisfaction was felt by me. I had to pat myself on the back. Even my dad said that a good job was done.
Semana 8
Focus on grammar
2. Completa los ejercicios con la forma de voz pasiva de los verbos entre paréntesis, en el tiempo verbal que se indica.
Ejemplo: A letter __________ by Peter. (to write - Simple Present)
Answer: A letter is written by Peter.
by the teacher today. (to explain - Simple Present)
a) The words
a letter the day before yesterday. (to send - Simple Past)
b) We
. It’s too old. (not/to steal - will-future)
c) This car
because of snow. (to close - Pastt Perfect)
d) This street
next week. (to open - will-future)
e) A new restaurant
to the party yesterday. (to invite - Simple Past)
f ) He
. (can/not/to see - Simple Present)
g) The blue box
h) I
i) The dishes
j) I
the book by my friend last Sunday. (to give - Simple Past)
by my little brother. (not/to wash - Present Perfect)
by Robert. (not/to ask - will-future)
3. Ejercicios en Passive Voice - Past Perfect
Reescribe las oraciones en voz pasiva con el pasado perfecto:
a) I had worn blue shoes.
b) Joe had cleaned the tables.
c) We had lost the key.
d) They had started a fight.
e) I had read an article.
f ) I had not closed the window.
g) They had not bought the paper.
h) She had not noticed me.
i) Had she solved the problem?
j) Had he recorded that song?
Let´s show what we know…
Para demostrar tus saberes y ponerlos en práctica, vamos a trabajar en equipo; preferiblemente, en parejas. Esta semana, el reto consistirá en realizar
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una entrevista en inglés a uno de tus compañeros, para luego participar en la
Radio Revista Juvenil, presentando las entrevistas que se realizaron en inglés.
Haz preguntas en voz pasiva para que sean contestadas de la misma manera.
Escojan un tema común, con el que puedan identificarse todos los participantes del sistema IRFA; como por ejemplo, su proceso de aprendizaje del
inglés, su desempeño en la mención, o acerca de su trabajo.
Lleven sus entrevistas y respuestas al CCA
y escojan la que más les guste para ser presentada en la Radio Revista.
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