Download material adicional 4º - CEPA Castillo de Almansa

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PROFESORA: ANA RODRÍGUEZ
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DICCIONARIO ONLINE
http://www.mansioningles.com/
GRAMATICA, VOCABULARIO Y EJERCICIOS.
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Toda la información relacionada con el Centro
de Adultos Castillo de Almansa.
2
CONTENIDOS
1.2.3. FUTURE: will, going
to, present continuous
with future meaning.
4. MODAL VERBS: Can,
Must, Should.
5. PRONOUNS: Object
and Possessive.
6. PRESENT-PAST
PERFECT
7. 8. COMPARATIVE AND
SUPERLATIVE
 ANEXO: GRAMMAR
10. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
11. PASSIVE VOICE
12. REPORTED SPEECH
 ANEXO: VOCABULARY
Profesiones, trabajo,oficina,
transportes, clima,
geografía, viajes, tiendas.
 ANEXO: VERBS
Regular and Irregular
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1. LISTENING: escuchar: La profesora reproducirá 3
veces uno de los listenings incluidos en el libro y hechos
en clase, tendréis que completar huecos.
2. READING: lectura comprensiva con preguntas para
contestar con la información del texto, verdadero o
falso, etc…
3. COMPOSITION: redacción sobre el tema indicado.
4. GRAMMAR: varios ejercicios de gramática: completar,
realizar frases, pasar a negativa e interrogativa,
traducir…
5. VOCABULARY & VERBS: completar tabla de español a
inglés. Incluye el vocabulario y verbos del libro y del
añexo.
6. SPEAKING: diálogo entre 2 compañeros en inglés sobre
un tema trabajado en clase que aparece en el libro. 4
CRITERIOS DE EVALUACIÓN






Los exámenes se valoran sobre 8 puntos. El esfuerzo personal vale 2 puntos. En el
apartado de esfuerzo personal se valora: actitud, comportamiento, esfuerzo,
motivación, asistencia a clase, entrega de actividades, respeto, trabajo en casa y en
clase, puntualidad…
En presencia, se controlará el trabajo y la asistencia diariamente y los alumnos
tendrán que entregar una redacción por tema antes del examen. El primer parcial
constará de las unidades 5 y 6 + anexo de vocabulario y verbos. El segundo parcial
constará de las unidades 7 y 8 + anexo de gramática: condicionales, pasiva y estilo
indirecto.
En distancia, la asistencia no es obligatoria aunque se evaluará positivamente. Los
alumnos que asistan regularmente a clase entregarán una redacción por tema. Los
que no puedan asistir a clase entregarán el cuadernillo de actividades (workbook),
completamente terminado, el día del examen. El examen incluye toda la materia,
tanto en la evaluación ordinaria, como en la recuperación (evaluación
extraordinaria).
Las Redacciones a entregar serán las siguientes:
Unit 5: Write about your plans for next weekend
Unit 6: Write 5 things you should or shouldn’t do to keep yourself healthy.
Unit 7: Describe your favourite place.
Unit 8: What type of clothes do you usually wear?
*Sólo se sumará la nota de esfuerzo personal cuando el alumno supere el 3.8 en el
5
examen.
1. FUTURO CON “WILL”
Estructura
S+WILL*+V(INFINITIVO SIN TO)
*PALABRA INVARIABLE, NO CAMBIA PARA 3ª PERSONA DE SING.
*TRANSFORMA EL VERBO EN FUTURO AUTOMÁTICAMENTE.
*DETRÁS DE WILL, SIEMPRE, V. INFINITIVO SIN TO
SUJETO + WILL (‘LL) + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOS
Ej.1: “I will visit you tomorrow”= Te visitaré mañana.
Ej.2: He’ll help you tonight” =El te ayudará esta noche.
(+) Ej.3: “They will come on holiday with us” = Ellos vendrán de vacaciones
con nosotros.
EJEMPLOS
SUJETO + WILL + NOT (+WON’T)+VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPL.
Ej.1: “I will not visit you tomorrow” =Yo no te visitaré mañana.
Ej.2: “He won’t help you tonight” = El no te ayudará esta noche.
(–) Ej.3: “They will not come on holiday with us” = Ellos no vendrán de
vacaciones con nosotros.
WILL + SUJETO + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOS + ?
Ej.1: “Will you visit me tomorrow?” =¿Me visitarás mañana?
Ej.2: “Will he help you tonight?”= ¿Te ayudará él esta noche?
(?) Ej.3: “Will they come on holiday with us?” =¿Vendrán ellos de
vacaciones con nosotros.
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SHORT ASWERS: WILL
• YES, I WILL
YES+S+WILL • YES, HE WILL
AFFIRMATIVE
• NO, I WON’T
NO+S+WON’T • NO, SHE WON`T
NEGATIVE
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1. Mis amigos vendrán mañana
T: _________________________________________________
-: _________________________________________________
¿?: ________________________________________________
2. Ella irá a Londres el año que viene.
T: _________________________________________________
-: __________________________________________________
¿?: _________________________________________________
3. Nosotros viviremos en Almansa.
T: _________________________________________________
-: __________________________________________________
¿?: _________________________________________________
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2. FUTURO CON “GOING TO”
S+PRESENTE VERBO TO BE (AM/IS/ARE) + GOING TO + VERBO
PRINCIPAL (INF. SIN TO)
(+) SUJETO + AM / IS / ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENT.
Ej.1: “I am going to buy a car next year” =Voy a comprar un coche el año que viene.
Ej.2: “She is going to have a baby next winter”=Ella va a tener un bebé el próximo
invierno.
Ej.3: “They are going to get married next July”=Ellos van a casarse el próximo julio.
(–)
SUJETO + AM / IS / ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPL
Ej.1: “I am not going to buy a car next year” =Yo no me voy a comprar un coche el año
que viene.
Ej.2: “She is not going to have a baby next winter” =Ella no va a tener un bebé el
próximo invierno.
Ej.3: “They aren’t going to get married next July”=Ellos no se van a casar el próximo
julio.
(?)
AM / IS / ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTO
Ej.1: “Are you going to buy a car next year?” =¿Vas a comprar un coche el año que viene?
Ej.2: “Is she going to have a baby next winter?”=¿Va ella a tener un bebé el próximo
invierno?
Ej.3: “Are they going to get married next July?”=¿Van ellos a casarse el próximo julio?
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SHORT ASWERS: GOING TO
•
YES,
I
AM
AFFIRMATIVE
• YES, HE IS
YES+S+BE • YES, THEY ARE
NEGATIVE
NO+S+BE (-)
• NO, I’M NOT
• NO, SHE ISN’T
• NO, THEY AREN’T
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1. I ______________________ (STUDY) at University.
2. She ___________________ ________(PLAY) tennis.
3. We _____________________(VISIT) Peter tomorrow.
4. Mary and John _________________________(LIVE)
in Madrid.
5. Peter ____________________ ____(WORK) in a
factory.
6. My mother ___________________ ______(COOK)
the meal.
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3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS WITH FUTURE
MEANING (Tomorrow, next week…):
AFIRMATIVA
S+ TO BE + V-ING
NEGATIVA
S+TO BE+NOT+V-ING
INTERROGATIVA
TO BE+S+V-ING…?
I AM WORKING
I AM NOT WORKING
AM I WORKING…?
YO ESTOY TRABAJANDO
YO NO ESTOY TRABAJANDO
¿ESTOY YO TRABAJANDO?
YOU ARE WORKING
YOU AREN’T WORKING
ARE YOU WORKING…?
TU ESTÁS TRABAJANDO
TU NO ESTÁS TRABAJANDO
¿ ESTÁS TU TRABAJANDO?
HE IS WORKING
HE IS NOT WORKING
IS HE WORKING
EL ESTÁ TRABAJANDO
EL NO ESTÁ TRABAJANDO
¿ ESTÁ ÉL TRABAJANDO?
SHE IS WORKING
SHE ISN’T WORKING
IS SHE WORKING…?
ELLA ESTÁ TRABAJANDO
ELLA NO ESTÁ TRABAJANDO
¿ESTÁ ELLA TRABAJANDO?
IT IS WORKING
IT ISN’T WORKING
IS IT WORKING
ELLO ESTÁ TRABAJANDO
ELLO NO ESTÁ TRABAJANDO
¿ ESTÁ ELLO TRABAJANDO?
WE ARE WORKING
WE AREN’T WORKING
ARE WE WORKING…?
NOSOTROS/NOSOTRAS ESTAMOS
TRABAJANDO
NOSOTROS/NOSOTRAS NO ESTAMOS TRABAJANDO
¿ESTAMOS NOSOTROS/NOSOTRAS TRABAJANDO
YOU ARE WORKING
YOU AREN’T WORKING
ARE YOU WORKING…?
VOSOTROS/VOSOTRAS ESTAIS TRABAJANDO
VOSOTROS/VOSOTRAS NO ESTAIS TRABAJANDO
¿ESTAIS VOSOTROS/VOSOTRAS TRABAJANDO?
THEY ARE WORKING THEY AREN’T WORKING ARE THEY WORKING…?
ELLOS/ELLAS ESTÁN TRABAJANDO
ELLOS/ELLAS NO ESTÁN TRABAJANDO
¿ESTÁN ELLOS/ELLAS TRABAJANDO?
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Completa usando Presente Continuo con valor de futuro
 1. I _______
___to the supermarket tomorrow.
 2. My sister
me her car next month.
 3. We
a barbecue on Sunday.
 4. All my friends
to my party next
week.
 5. We
my niece to Aquapark later
today.
 6. The train
in ten minutes.
 7. We
to the zoo tomorrow.
 8. On Friday I
to Rob´s party.
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Los Verbos Modales son un grupo especial de verbos. CARACTERÍSTICAS:
1. Son INVARIABLES, nunca cambian en concordancia con el sujeto.
2. Detrás de ellos siempre va un verbo en INFINITIVO SIN TO.
1. CAN
1. PODER:
=PODER/SABER
I can go to the party= Yo puedo ir a la fiesta
2. SABER (HABILIDAD) He can speak French = Él sabe hablar Francés
2. MUST
DEBER (Obligación)
1. OBLIGACIÓN
You must study = Tú debes estudiar.
3. SHOULD
DEBERÍA (Consejo)
CONSEJO, SUGERENCIA
He should go to the doctor = El debería ir al médico.
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COMPLETA CON EL MODAL QUE CORRESPONDA:
1. ___
_____ you tell me the way to the nearest bank?
(CAN/MUST/SHOULD)
2. We
hurry! - We're late. (CAN / MUST)
3. You
______
____ give up smoking. It's bad for
your health. (SHOULD /CAN)
4. "Matrix" is a wonderful film. You ______________ watch it.
(SHOULD / MUSTN'T)
5. __________
you help me with this exercise?
(MUST / CAN/ SHOULD)
6. This book is great! You ________________ read it.
(CAN / SHOULD)
7. Mary __________
respect her parents. (CAN / MUST)
8. You ___________
drive so fast - it's very dangerous.
(MUSTN'T / SHOULD)
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5.1. PRONOMBRES PERSONALES
SUJETO Y OBJETO
PRONOMBRES
SUJETO
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
THEY
PRON.
SUJETO
PRONOMBRES
OBJETO
ME
I
YOU
You
HIM
HER
IT
US
THEM
PRON.
OBJETO
VERBO
me
LOVE
He
She
You
him
LOVES
her
It
it
We
us
You
you
They
them
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1. My sister Jane loves books. This novel is for _______
2. My children like Disney films. The video is for ______
3. My brother Matt collects postcards. These postcards
are for _________.
4. My parents like Latin music. The CD is for ________.
5. I like watches. This nice watch is for _______.
6. My wife and I love sweets. These sweets are for _____.
7. My nephew likes cars. The toy truck is for ________.
8. My girlfriend wants to go to California next year.
The guide book is for _________.
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Pronombres posesivos
Ejemplo
Traducción
My
mi, mis
This is my house.
Ésta es mi casa.
Your
tu, tus (de tú) / su, sus
(de usted)
This is your book.
Éste es tu libro. / Éste es su
libro.
His
su, sus (de él)
This is his bicycle.
Ésta es su bicicleta.
Her
su, sus (de ella)
This is her dress.
Éste es su vestido.
Its
su, sus
This is its (the cat's)
home.
Ésta es su casa. (del gato)
Our
nuestro/a nuestros/as
These are our suitcases.
Éstas son nuestras maletas.
Your
vuestro/a, vuestros/as,
su, sus (de ustedes)
These are your seats.
Éstos son vuestros asientos.
Éstos son sus asientos.
Their
su, sus (de ellos)
These are their books.
Éstos son sus libros.
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Complete with possessive adjectives
1. The pen belongs to Mr. Grant. It's ____ pen.
2. The book belongs to Mary. It's _____ book.
3. The suits belong to the boys. They're
___________ suits.
4. The house belongs to us. It's ______ house.
5. The eraser belongs to Fred. It's ____ eraser.
6. Those shoes belong to the children.
They're __________ shoes.
7. The hat belongs to you. It's _________ hat.
8. The notebook belongs to me.
It's ______ notebook.
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Los adjetivos posesivos van
seguidos del sustantivo y los
pronombres sustituyen al nombre
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Complete with possessive pronouns
1. I have a dog. That dog is _________ !
2. She has a cat. That cat is _________ !
3. We have a car. That car is _________ !
4. They have a bike. That bike is ________ !
5. He has a key. That key is ______ !
6. You have a hat. That hat is _________ !
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Possessive Adjectives/Pronouns
1. She has a book, it's _____ book. It's ________ .
2. You have an umbrella, it's ________ umbrella.
It's _____________ .
3. They have some magazines, they're
_________ magazines. They're __________ .
4. Here is Bob's house. It's _________ house.
5. These are Tom and Jackie's bags.
They're __________ bags.
6. I have a puppy. It's _________ .
7. Tyler's brother has a new apartment. It's ____ .
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6. PRESENT PERFECT
24
25
26
1. TRAVEL
I __________________ to London.
2. NOT SEE The girl ___________________the present yet.
3. LISTEN We _________________________ to the songs.
4. NOT TRY She ________________ the dress yet.
5. BE . I __________________ in New York.
6. PLAN
They ________________ the party.
7. STUDY
Richard ___________________ for the English exam.
8. DRIVE
__________ you ever _____________ a car before?
9. PHONE He _______________ home.
10. NOT TELL They ________________ us the truth.
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6.1. PASADO PERFECTO
AFIRMATIVA
S+ HAD+ PARTICIPIO
3ª
ED
COL
I
NEGATIVA
S+ HAD+NOT(HADN’T)+
PARTICIPIO (ED / 3ª)
INTERROGATIVA
HAD+S+PARTICIPIO…?
3ª
ED
COL
I
I
YOU
YOU
WORKED
HE
SHE
IT
H
A
D
HE
SHE
GONE
WORKED
IT
H
A
D
H
A
D
N
O
T
GONE
WE
WE
YOU
YOU
THEY
THEY
YOU
HE
WORKED
SHE
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
GONE
PASADO PERFECTO: Yo había trabajado
S+HAD+PARTICIPIO
VERBO REGULAR: -ED
VERBO IRREGULAR: 3ª COL. GO-WENT-GONE
(+) VERBO REGULAR: SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED +
Estructura
de
la
Oración
WORKED
COMPLEMENTOS
Ej.1: I had finished the exam= Yo había terminado el examen.
Ej.2: May had studied a lot = May había estudiado mucho.
VERBO IRREGULAR: SUJETO + HAD + (3ª COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOS
Ej.3: “We had seen that film” Nosotros habíamos visto esa pelicula
Ej.4: “She had gone to University” = Ella había ido a la Universidad.
(–) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOS
Ej.1: “I had not finished the exam” = Yo no había terminado el examen.
Ej.2: “May hadn’t studied a lot” = May no había estudiado mucho.
SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ª COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPL.
Ej.3: “We had not seen that film” Nosotros no habíamos visto esa pelicula
Ej.4: “She hadn’t gone to University” = Ella no había ido a la Universidad.
(?) HAD +
SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED
+ COMPLEMENTOS
Ej.1: “Had I finished the exam?” = ¿Había yo terminado el exámen?
Ej.2: “Had she gone to University? ¿Había ido ella a la Universidad?
HAD + SUJETO + (3ª COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOS
Ej.3: “Had they seen that film?” = ¿Habían ellos visto esa pelicula?
Ej.4: “Had she gone to University? = ¿Había ido ella a la Universidad?
1. TRAVEL
I __________________ to London before last summer.
2. NOT SEE The girl ___________________the present.
3. LISTEN We _________________________ to the songs before.
4. NOT TRY She ________________ the dress before she bought it.
5. BE
I was in Ruidera last month. I __________________
there two years ago.
6. PLAN
They ________________ the party before they sent the
invitations.
7. STUDY
Richard ___________________ and he failed the exam.
8. DRIVE
You __________________a car before you bought one.
9. PHONE He _______________ before he came home yesterday.
10. NOT TELL They ________________ us the truth before we knew.
1. COMPARATIVO DE INFERIORIDAD:
(A es MENOS… QUE B)
Estructura
LESS
+
ADJETIVO
+
THAN
MENOS
+
ADJETIVO
+
QUE
Ejemplos
Ej.1: Nadal is less TALL than Pau Gassol (Nadal es menos alto que Pau Gassol)
Ej.2: England is less BIG than the USA (Inglaterra es menos grande que USA)
Ej.3: I am less PRETTY than my sister (Yo soy menos guapa que mi hermana)
Ej.4: You are less INTELLIGENT than us (Tu eres menos inteligente que nosotros
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1. My house is _____________________________(BIG) your house.
2. This car is __________________________(EXPENSIVE) that car.
3. Almansa is ______________________________(SMALL) Bonete.
4. Peter is _____________________________(INTELLIGENT) Mary.
5. My sister is ____________________________ (TALL) your sister
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2. COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDAD:
(A es IGUAL DE … QUE B)
Estructura
(not) AS
+
ADJETIVO
+
AS
TAN
+
ADJETIVO
+
COMO
Ejemplos
Ej.1: I am as TALL As my brother.
Ej. 1 .Yo soy tan alto como mi hermano.
Ej.2: My house is not as BIG as your house.
2. Mi casa no es tan grande como la tuya
Ej.3: I am as PRETTY as my sister
Ej.4: I am not as INTELLIGENT as Einstein
3. Yo soy tan guapa como mi hermana.
4.Yo no soy tan inteligente como Einstein
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1. My house is _____________________________(BIG) your house.
2. This car is __________________________(EXPENSIVE) that car.
3. Almansa is ______________________________(SMALL) Bonete.
4. Peter is _____________________________(INTELLIGENT) Mary.
5. My sister is ____________________________ (TALL) your sister
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CORTO
1 SILABA: TALL (TALLER)
HOT( HOTTER)
BIG (BIGGER)
2 SIL. –Y: PRETTY (PRETTIER)
ADJETIVO
HAPPY (HAPPIER)
LARGO
ADJ-ER+THAN
Mary is taller than Peter
ADJETIVOS IRREGULARES
MORE+ADJ.+THAN
GOOD= BETTER THAN
Mary is more intelligent than Peter
BAD=WORSE THAN
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1.- Ejemplos con adjetivos cortos:
ADJ-ER+THAN
Pau Gassol is TALLER than Nadal .
Pau Gassol es más alto que Nadal
The USA is BIGGER than England.
USA es más grande que Inglaterra.
My sister is PRETTIER than me.
Mi hermana es más guapa que yo.
2. Ejemplos con adjetivos largos:
Mary is more TIRED than her brother
MORE+ADJ+THAN
Mary está más cansada que su
hermano
Helen is more BEAUTIFUL than Susan
Helen es más guapa que Susan.
My house is more EXPENSIVE than your
house.
Mi casa es más cara que tu casa.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Penélope Cruz is _______________________(YOUNG)
Belén Rueda.
River Guadiana is _______________________(LONG)
River Amazon.
Your trousers are _______________________ (GOOD)
my trousers.
Her eyes are ______________________ (BIG) your eyes.
That film is _____________________ (BAD) the book.
This sofa is _____________________________________
(COMFORTABLE) than this chair.
A Ferrari is __________________ (EXPENSIVE) a Seat
37
CORTO
1 SILABA: TALL (TALLEST)
HOT( HOTTEST)
BIG (BIGGEST)
2 SIL. –Y: PRETTY (PRETTIEST)
ADJETIVO
HAPPY (HAPPIEST)
LARGO
THE + ADJ-EST
Mary is the tallest.
ADJETIVOS IRREGULARES
GOOD= THE BEST
BAD=THE WORST
THE MOST+ADJ.
Mary is the most intelligent
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1.- Ejemplos con adjetivos cortos:
THE + ADJ-EST
1.Nadal is the STRONGEST tennis player.
1.Nadal es el tenista más fuerte.
2. England is the BIGGEST country in the UK
2. Inglaterra es el país más grande de UK.
3. My sister is the PRETTIEST girl in the family
3. Mi hermana es la chica más guapa de la familia.
2. Ejemplos con adjetivos largos:
THE+ MOST +ADJ.
Mary is the most CLEVER girl in the class
Mary la chica más lista de la clase
Helen is the most BEAUTIFUL of her sisters
Helen es la más guapa de sus hermanas
My house is the most EXPENSIVE.
Mi casa es la más cara.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Penélope Cruz is ______________________(FAMOUS)
actress in Spain.
River Guadiana is _______________________(LONG)
river in Spain.
Your house is ________________ (GOOD) in Almansa.
Her eyes are ______________________ (BIG) in her
class.
That film is _____________________ (BAD) .
This sofa is _____________________________________
(COMFORTABLE) in the world.
A Ferrari is __________________ (EXPENSIVE) car.
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1. William Shakespeare is (famous)____________________
writer in England.
2. The elephant is (big) ________________________ the lion.
3. Sergio is (old) _________________________ Malcolm.
4. Our house is (expensive) ____________________________.
5. That book is (interesting) _______________________ this
book.
6. My cake is (good) ______________________ your cake.
7. This is (bad) ______________programme in television history.
8. Spain is (hot) ___________________country in Europe.
9. Almansa is (small) _____________________Albacete.
10. Peter is (intelligent) ____________________________Mary.
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THE
LEAST
ADJETIVO
EL, LA, LOS, LAS
MENOS
ADJETIVO
Ejemplos
Ej.1: Nadal is the least TALL. (Nadal es el menos alto)
Ej.2: My house is the least BIG (Mi casa es la menos grande)
Ej.3: I am the least PRETTY (Yo soy la menos guapa)
Ej.4: You are the least INTELLIGENT (Tu eres el menos inteligente)
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Peter is ____________________(TALL) boy in the class
River Guadiana is _______________________(LONG)
river in Spain.
Your house is ________________ ______(NEW) in
Almansa.
Her eyes are ____________________(BIG) in her class.
That film is ___________________ (OLD) of all.
This sofa is _____________________________________
(COMFORTABLE) in the world.
A Seat is __________________ (EXPENSIVE) car.
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9
44
45
CONDICIÓN
CONSECUENCIA
SI = IF+ PRESENTE
+
I WORK
SHE WORKS
-
I DON’T WORK HE DOESN’T WORK
FUTURO: WILL (not)+ V
+
I WILL WORK
SHE WILL WORK
-
I WILL NOT WORK HE WON’T WORK
IF you study
SI estudias
You will pass the English exam
Aprobarás el exámen de Inglés
IF it rains
SI llueve
We will stay at home
Nos quedaremos en casa
IF you don’t study
Si no estudias
You will not pass the exam
No aprobarás el exámen.
IF he doesn’t come to the party
Si el no viene a la fiesta
I will be very sad.
Yo estaré muy triste
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If my mum ________ (come) on time, we
______________(go)shopping.
2. If he ________ (take) me to the cinema, I
___________(buy)
some popcorn.
3. I _________(cook ) dinner if you __________(do) the
washing up.
4. The teacher ___________(give) me extra marks, if I
_______ (do) a project about the II World War.
5. If it __________ (start) raining, I ________(stay ) at home.
6. They
________(go) to the park if they_________ (have)
time.
7. If you _________(study), you ___________(pass) the exam.
1.
47
1. If I ___________ (arrive) on time, I _______________(call) you.
2. My sister ____________(make) lunch if she______(be) at home.
3. If we ________________________(not buy) our tickets soon, we
____________________________(not get) seats.
4. My friends _____________(be) angry if I ________________
(not invite) them to my party.
5. If Bob _________________________(not get) a job soon, he
_________________________(sell) his house.
6. Your wife _______________(be) worried if you
__________________________(not phone) her.
7. If I _________ (find) the book, I _____________( buy) it for you.
8. Mary _________(go) on holiday if she ______ (have) the money.
9. If you ______( study) everyday, you __________(pass) the exam.
10. We ________ (go) to the beach if it _____(be) sunny tomorrow.
11. If she _________ (know) the truth, she _____________(tell) you.
48
11. VOZ ACTIVA Y VOZ PASIVA
 En la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que
realiza la acción del verbo, el Sujeto:
The police arrested the thieves.
SUJETO
VERBO
O. I.
(La policía arrestó a los ladrones)
 En la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que
recibe la acción del verbo, el Objeto:
The thieves were arrested by the police.
S. PACIENTE
V. PASIVO
C. AGENTE
(Los ladrones fueron arrestados por la policía)
49
ACTIVA
1
2
3
PASIVA: PASOS
• Cruce: S. C. AGENTE y O.D/O.I
•
(Delante y detrás del verbo)
S.PACIENTE
• BY (por) + COMPL. AGENTE
• VERBO ACTIVO V. PASIVO
• TO BE PRESENTE: AM / IS / ARE
PASADO: WAS / WERE
FUTURO: WILL BE
PARTICIPIO
ED / 3ª COL.
50
VERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO
DEL
VERBO PRINCIPAL
AUX = VERBO TO BE En el mismo tiempo verbal que la activa.
VERBOS REGULARES
VERBOS IRREGULARES
(VERBO)-ED
3ª COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS
(+) SUJETO PASIVO + BE + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOS
my car. = El mecánico reparará mi coche.
The mechanic WILL REPAIR
My car
WILL BE REPAIRED
SUJETO PASIVO + BE + (3ª
Peter
A new house
BOUGHT
by
the mechanic =Mi coche será reparado por el mecanico.
COLUMNA VERBOS
IRREG)
+COMPLEMENTOS
a new house. Pedro compró una casa nueva.
WAS BOUGHT
by
Peter. =Una nueva casa fué comprada por Peter.
51
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
My dad bought a new car.
__________________________________________________
The school gives t-shirts.
___________________________________________________
The painter will paint my house next week.
_________________________________________________
The students did the exam.
__________________________________________________
My mother makes delicious cakes.
___________________________________________________
Marathon athletes run 41 kilometres.
__________________________________________________
52
1. ACTIVA: Susan invited Peter to the party.
PASIVA: ____________________________________________
2. ACTIVA: The painter will paint your house next week.
PASIVA: ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
3. ACTIVA: My mother makes cakes
PASIVA: ____________________________________________
4. ACTIVA: The police arrested the robber.
PASIVA: ____________________________________________
5. ACTIVA: Thomas built that skyscraper in 1934.
PASIVA:_____________________________________________
____________________________________________________
53
6. ACTIVA: The students finished the course last week.
PASIVA: ___________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
7. ACTIVA: Peter repaired the house last month.
PASIVA:_____________________________________________
____________________________________________________
8. ACTIVA: Susan makes these toys of plastic.
PASIVA:_____________________________________________
____________________________________________________
9. ACTIVA: The workers finished the new motorway last
September.
PASIVA: ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 54
10. ACTIVA: The musicians performed Beethoven's Fifth
Symphony yesterday.
PASIVA: __________________________________________
____________________________________________________
11. ACTIVA: Picasso painted “El Guernica” in 1939.
PASIVA: __________________________________________
____________________________________________________
12. ACTIVA: Cervantes wrote “El Quijote”.
PASIVA: ___________________________________________
13. ACTIVA: My father takes good photographs.
PASIVA: __________________________________________
14. ACTIVA: John will build a new house.
PASIVA: __________________________________________
55
12. ESTILO DIRECTO / INDIRECTO
 ESTILO DIRECTO: Las palabras textuales, tal cual.
 ESTILO INDIRECTO: cuando alguien te dice algo que ha dicho otra persona en
algún momento del pasado.
SAY (decir algo)
TELL (contar algo a alguien)
Para pasar de Estilo Directo a Estilo Indirecto:
 Se quitan los dos puntos (:) y las comillas (“”) y en su lugar se pone THAT
 A partir de ahí, se van haciendo los cambios oportunos tal y como se indica en
las tablas de equivalencias y en los ejemplos siguientes:
Estilo directo
Estilo indirecto
Ej.1: Mary said: “I am very hungry”
→ Mary said THAT she was very hungry.
(María dijo:”Estoy muy hambrienta”)
(María dijo que ella estaba muy habrienta)
2: Peter told me: “I am waiting for you”
→ Peter told me THAT he was waiting for me
(Pedro me dijo: “Te estoy esperando”
Ej.3: Sam said: “I will phone my wife”
(Sam dijo: “Yo llamaré a mi esposa”)
(Pedro me dijo que el estaba esperandome)
→ Sam said THAT he would phone his wife.
(Sam dijo que el llamaría a su esposa)
56
CAMBIOS EN LOS TIEMPOS VERBALES
ESTILO DIRECTO
PRESENTE
SIMPLE
PRESENTE
CONTINUO
PASADO
SIMPLE
ESTILO INDIRECTO
Want
Goes
Am /Is / Are
Am watching
Is watching
Are watching
Reg:-ed :Asked
Irr.: 2ª Col. Saw
WILL - FUTURE Will phone
Will come
Wanted
Went
Was / Were
PASADO
SIMPLE
PASADO
Was watching
CONTINUO
Were watching
Had asked
Had seen
(3ª col.)
Would phone
Would come
PASADO
PERFECTO
WOULD CONDITIONAL
57
TABLA DE EQUIVALENCIAS
ESTILO DIRECTO
ADJ. DEMOSTRATIVOS
ADJ. POSESIVOS
ADVERBIOS DE TIEMPO
ADVERBIOS DE LUGAR
this / these
ESTILO INDIRECTO
that / those
my – your – his – her –
¡¡¡ΘJΘ!!! Cambiar entre
its
ellos según la oración –
our – your – their
ver ejemplos
today
that day
tonight
that night
now
then
tomorrow
next year
yesterday
last year
here
the next day
the next year
the previous day
the previous year
there
58
TIEMPO VERBAL
PRESENT
SIMPLE
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
PAST SIMPLE
WILL - FUTURE
EJEMPLOS
Jo said: “I want this CD tonight”
Jo dijo: “Yo quiero este CD esta noche”
Jo said THAT he wanted that CD that night.
Jo dijo que el quería ese CD esa noche.
Jo and Sam told me: “We are studying now”
Jo y Sam me dijeron: “ Nosotros estamos estudiando ahora”
Jo & Sam told me THAT they were studying then
Jo y Sam me dijeron que elllos estaban estudiando entonces.
Ian said: “I visited my mother yesterday”
Ian dijo : “Yo visité a mi madre ayer”
Ian said THAT he had visited his mother the previous day
Ian dijo que el había visitado a su madre el día anterior
Ann told me: “I will have my books tomorrow”
Ann me dijo : “Yo tendré mis libros mañana”
Ann told me THAT she would have her books the next day
Ann me dijo que ella tendría sus libros al día siguiente
59
1. Pamela said: “I am talking to my sister on the phone now”.
2. Oscar told me: “I need your advice. I will visit you tonight”.
3. The children said: “We went to the park this morning.
It was fantastic”.
60
1. DIRECTO: Peter said:” I am here with my wife waiting for
you”
INDIRECTO: _______________________________________
___________________________________________________
2. DIRECTO: John and Vicky said: “we went to the gym
yesterday”
INDIRECTO:________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3. DIRECTO: Mary said: “I will give you this CD tomorrow”
INDIRECTO: ________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4.DIRECTO: Charlie said: “my wife likes this house”
INDIRECTO: ________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 61
5. DIRECTO: Sue said:” We will go out tonight”
INDIRECTO: ________________________________________
______________________________________________________
6. DIRECTO: My girlfriend told me:” I want to marry you here”
INDIRECTO: ________________________________________
______________________________________________________
7. DIRECTO: John said: “my wife went to University yesterday”
INDIRECTO: ________________________________________
______________________________________________________
8. DIRECTO: May said” my brother is having a shower now”
INDIRECTO: ________________________________________
______________________________________________________
62
_
VOCABULARIO 1
TRABAJO
PROFESIONES
Abogado Lawyer
Pintor
Painter
Médico
Frutero
Greengrocer
Doctor
Oficina
Office
Sindicato Union
Jefe
Boss
Accionista Shareholder
Presidente Chairperson
Ingeniero
Engineer
Mecánico
Mechanic
Cantante
Singer
Militar
Soldier
Puesto
Position
Arquitecto Architect
Sacerdote
Priest
Ascenso
Promotion Huelga
Enfermero Nurse
Artista
Artist
Panadero Baker
Actor
(actriz)
Actor
(actress)
Peluquero Hairdresser Funcionario Civil servant
Contable
Accountant Escritor
Writer
Strike
Dimisión Resignation Vacaciones Holidays
Secretaria Secretary
Colega
Colleague
Sueldo
Salary
Jubilación Retirement
Fontanero Plumber
Carpintero Carpenter
Plantilla
Staff
Director
Manager
Abogado
Profesor
Traslado
Transfer
Despido
Dismissal
Lawyer
Teacher
63
VOCABULARIO 2
TRANSPORTES
LA OFICINA
Papel
Paper
Libreta
Notebook Carpeta
Bolígrafo
Pen
Lápiz
Pencil
Fax
Fax machine
Avión
Folder
Helicóptero Helicopter Bicicleta
Bicycle
Globo
Balloon
Barco
Ship
Coche
Car
Estación
Station
Yacht
Plane
Moto
Motorcycle
Impresora Printer
Grapa
Staple
Sacapuntas Sharpener Grapadora Stapler
Borrador
Rubber
Clip
Paper clip
Camión
Truck
Yate
Tijeras
Scissors
Sobre
Envelope
Autobús
Bus
Submarino Submarine
Pegamento
Glue
Carta
Letter
Tren
Train
Taxi
Taxi / Cab
Máquina de
Typewriter Sello
escribir
Stamp
Tranvía
Tram
Crucero
Cruiser
Metro
Subway
Furgoneta Van
Ordenador
Rotulador
Computer Documento Document
Marker
Copia
Copy
64
VOCABULARIO 3
CLIMA
It is Hace
Calor Hot
Frio Cold
Nublado
Cloudy
Soleado
Sunny
Lluvioso
Rainy
Lluvia
Nieve
Viento
Sun
Cloud
GEOGRAFÍA
Universo
Universe
Isla
Island
Estrella
Star
Montaña
Mountain
Sol
Sun
Valle
Valley
Planeta
Planet
Río
River
Tierra
Earth
Lago
Lake
Satélite
Satellite
Selva
Jungle
Luna
Moon
Bosque
Forest
Atmósfera
Atmosphere Desierto
(To) rain
(To) snow
Desert
Wind
Continente Continent
Oceano
Ocean
Mar
Mundo
World
Sol
Nube
Sea
65
VOCABULARIO 4
TIENDAS
VIAJES
Cinturón de
seguridad
Avión
Plane
Azafata
Stewardess Equipaje
Aeropuert
Airport
o
Despegar To take off
Pasajero
Seat-belt
Panadería Baker
Luggage
Peluquería Hairdresser Farmacia
Pharmacy
Frutería
Greengrocer Gasolinera
gas station
Taller
Workshop
Quiosco
News-stand
Cafetería
Snack-bar
Discoteca
Disco
Joyería
Jeweller
Hospital
Hospital
Carnicería
Butcher
Pastelería
Pastery
Banco
Bank
Librería
Book Shop
Zapatería
Shoe Shop
Supermercado Supermarket
Juguetería
Toyshop
Tienda de
ropa
Bolsa de mano Hand-bag
To delay
Primera clase First class
Ala
Wing
Clase
ejecutiva
Business
class
Clase turista
Tourist class
Puerta de
Gate
embarque
Tarjeta de
embarque
Boarding
Card
Embarcar To board
Tripulación
Crew
Aterrizar
Engine
To land
Facturar
Optician
Passenger
Retrasar
Motor
Optica
Check in
Clothes shop
66
AÑADIMOS –ED PARA FORMAR EL PASADO DE LOS
VERBOS REGULARES, TENIENDO EN CUENTA LAS REGLAS
PARA AÑADIR -ED:
INFINITIVO
PASADO
SIGNIFICADO
INFINITIVO PASADO
SIGNIFICADO
PLAN
PLANNED
PLANEAR
CARRY
CARRIED
LLEVAR
TRANSPORTAR
STUDY
STUDIED
ESTUDIAR
LIKE
LIKED
GUSTAR
MIX
MIXED
MEZCLAR
STOP
STOPPED
PARAR
TRAVEL
TRAVELLED
VIAJAR
TRY
TRIED
INTENTAR
WORK
WORKED
TRABAJAR
WALK
WALKED
CAMINAR
ENJOY
ENJOYED
DIVERTIRSE
ROB
ROBBED
ROBAR
CRY
CRIED
LLORAR
MARRY
MARRIED
CASARSE
PLAY
PLAYED
JUGAR
EXPLAIN
EXPLAINED
EXPLICAR
DANCE
DANCED
BAILAR
HAPPEN
HAPPENED
OCURRIR
LIVE
LIVED
VIVIR
STAY
STAYED
QUEDARSE
ALOJARSE
67
LISTA DE VERBOS IRREGULARES 1
INFINITIVO
PASADO
PARTICIPIO
SIGNIFICADO
to be
was / were
been
ser, estar
to begin
began
begun
empezar
to break
broke
broken
romper
to build
built
built
construir
to buy
bought
bought
comprar
to choose
chose
chosen
elegir
to come
came
come
venir
to cost
cost
cost
costar
to do
did
done
hacer
to drink
drank
drunk
beber
68
LISTA DE VERBOS IRREGULARES 2
INFINITIVO
PASADO
PARTICIPIO
SIGNIFICADO
to eat
ate
eaten
comer
to find
found
found
encontrar
to get
got
got
Obtener-Conseguir
to give
gave
given
dar
to go
went
gone
ir
to have
had
had
tener, haber
to know
knew
known
saber
to learn
learnt
learnt
aprender
to leave
left
left
salir, dejar
to make
made
made
fabricar
to meet
met
met
Encontrarse, conocer
69
LISTA DE VERBOS IRREGULARES 3
INFINITIVO
PASADO
PARTICIPIO
SIGNIFICADO
to pay
paid
paid
pagar
to put
put
put
poner
to read
read
read
leer
to run
ran
run
correr
to say
said
said
decir
to see
saw
seen
ver
to sell
sold
sold
vender
to send
sent
sent
enviar
to show
showed
shown
enseñar
to sing
sang
sung
cantar
to sit
sat
sat
sentarse
to sleep
slept
slept
dormir
70
LISTA DE VERBOS IRREGULARES 4
INFINITIVO
PASADO
PARTICIPIO
SIGNIFICADO
to speak
spoke
spoken
hablar
to spell
spelt
spelt
deletrear
to spend
spent
spent
gastar
to steal
stole
stolen
robar
to swim
swam
swum
nadar
to take
took
taken
coger
to tell
told
told
decir
to think
thought
thought
pensar
to understand
understood
understood
entender, comprender
to wear
wore
worn
llevar puesto, calzar
to win
won
won
ganar
to write
wrote
written
escribir
71